Insect Repellents and Patent Applications
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the invention described?

  • To repel biting insects (correct)
  • To attract biting insects
  • To provide a new flavoring for food
  • To enhance the effectiveness of bug sprays

Emu oil should be applied undiluted for the best efficacy against biting insects.

False (B)

What natural substance is used in the invention to repel biting insects?

Emu oil

The invention suggests using a method involving __________ oil to repel mosquitoes.

<p>emu</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the emu oil concentration with the number of lands recorded in Experiment 1:

<p>0% = 10 lands 1.0% = 5 lands 25.0% = 2 lands 100.0% = 0 lands</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of information is NOT found in a patent document?

<p>Financial Information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The International Patent Classification number is considered part of the bibliographic information.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary active ingredient that has been registered by the EPA as a topically applied insect repellent?

<p>N,N-diethyl-toluamide (DEET)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The present invention provides a method for repelling biting insects comprising the step of topically applying __________ to the skin of the subject.

<p>emu oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sections of a patent application with their purposes:

<p>Specification = Detailed description of the invention Claims = Legal rights granted to the inventor Drawings = Visual representation of the invention Abstract = Summary of the invention</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason for the ban of products containing 100% DEET in New York State?

<p>It has been linked to causing convulsions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the title in a patent application?

<p>To provide a short and specific description of the invention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The background of the invention should include only the historical context of similar inventions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a prior art search?

<p>To find out how an invention differs from previous inventions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patent information can only be used by patent offices and agents.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one way patent information can help improve R&D productivity.

<p>By avoiding wasted resources through informed research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A state of the art search is conducted to determine what others have done in the field of _____ technology.

<p>specific</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following uses of patent information with their descriptions:

<p>Infringement search = Look for infringing patents Patentability search = Determine if an invention is novel Prior art search = Identify how an invention is different from others State of the art search = Review what has been done in a technology field</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a benefit of using patent information for businesses?

<p>Reduce risks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most patent collections are still in non-digital formats.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one method of searching for patent information?

<p>Using the filing number or publication number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key components of the sweet toy described in the invention?

<p>Foam sugar paste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The invention can be formed as an imitation of a hamburger and a frankfurter sausage.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one of the layers that makes up the sweet toy mentioned in the invention.

<p>Foam sugar shell or fruit gum layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sweet toy is designed to have at least ___ separate layers.

<p>three</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the sweet toy shapes with their corresponding imitations:

<p>Top layer = Foam sugar shell of rounded shape Intermediate layer = Essentially disc-shaped or bar-shaped fruit gum Bottom layer = Foam sugar shell of rounded shape Outer coating = Fixes the positions of the layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of the protection function of the patent system?

<p>Reduces the number of competitors in the market (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two-thirds of the technical information revealed in patents is published elsewhere.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name two users of patent information.

<p>SMEs and R&amp;D institutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patent information can be accessed easily and remains _______ available.

<p>permanently</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sources of technological information with their descriptions:

<p>Textbooks = Formal educational material Professional Journals = Peer-reviewed articles and research Colleagues = Personal networking and advice Patent Documents = Legal documents disclosing inventions</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of patent information?

<p>Published exclusively in physical formats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Patent information is only valuable to governmental institutions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many new inventions are disclosed via the patent system every year?

<p>Nearly 1 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the International Patent Classification (IPC)?

<p>To organize patent documents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A classification-based search is always simpler than text searching.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of classification-based searching?

<p>It gives more complete results than text searching.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The first step in procedures for classifying is to study carefully and identify accurately the _______ subject of invention.

<p>technical</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following sections of the IPC with their descriptions:

<p>Human Necessities = Relates to products or services that address human needs Mechanical Engineering = Encompasses machines and equipment functionality Chemistry = Focuses on chemical processes and compounds Physics = Explores principles of energy and matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of classification-based searching?

<p>Independent of the changes in terminology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The IPC is organized into a hierarchical system that includes sections, classes, and subclasses.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a complete classification symbol comprise?

<p>Section, Class, Subclass, Main Group, Subgroup, Group</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Patent System Functions

The patent system serves several key purposes, including incentivizing innovation, disclosing technological information, and protecting intellectual property.

Incentive Function

The patent system encourages individuals and companies to invest in research and development by granting them exclusive rights to their inventions for a limited period of time.

Information Function

Patent documents publicly disclose detailed technical information about inventions, contributing to the overall knowledge base and fostering innovation.

Protection Function

The patent system grants inventors exclusive rights to commercially exploit their inventions, preventing others from copying or selling them without permission.

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Patent Information Sources

Patent information encompasses all details within a patent document, including technical descriptions, claims, and legal information related to an invention.

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Users of Patent Information

A wide range of stakeholders utilize patent information, including inventors, researchers, businesses, investors, policymakers, and legal professionals.

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Patent Information Characteristics

Patent information possesses unique characteristics, such as being publicly available, globally accessible, well-organized, and containing a high concentration of technical details.

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Global Access to Patents

Patent information is readily accessible from around the world through online databases, making it a valuable resource for global innovation and research.

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Patent Document

A legal document that grants an inventor exclusive rights to an invention for a limited period of time.

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Bibliographic Information

Essential details about the patent, like patent number, filing date, inventors, and the title.

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Technical Information

Details about the invention's design, how it works, and its advantages.

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Legal Information

The legal claims defining the scope of the invention's protection.

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Specification

The written description of the invention, describing the key features, how it works, and its advantages.

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Claims

Legal statements that define the invention's scope and protection.

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Drawings

Visual representations of the invention, often included to further illustrate its design.

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Abstract

A brief summary of the invention, highlighting key features and its purpose.

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Emu Oil Repellent

A method using emu oil to repel biting insects, primarily mosquitoes, by applying it directly to the skin.

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How does emu oil repel insects?

The exact mechanism is not fully understood, but it's thought to involve a combination of factors, possibly including the oil's scent masking human odors attractive to insects.

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Preferred Embodiment

The most effective way to use emu oil as insect repellent is to apply pure emu oil directly to the skin.

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Example 1

A scientific experiment testing the effectiveness of diluted emu oil against mosquitos, showing a decrease in mosquito landings as the concentration of emu oil increased.

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Prior Art Search

A search for existing inventions related to a new idea, to determine if the new invention is unique and patentable.

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Patentability Search

A search to determine if an invention is novel and meets other requirements for a patent.

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State of the Art Search

A comprehensive search to understand the current state of a specific technology field.

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Infringement Search

A search to find patents that might be infringed by a new invention.

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Reduce Costs

Patent searches can help companies avoid duplicating work and focus resources on new innovations.

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Reduce Risk

Patent searches help assess the legal risks of a new invention and avoid infringement lawsuits.

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Improve Productivity

Patent information leads to better management of intellectual property, increasing efficiency and effectiveness.

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Increase Revenue

Patent information can lead to licensing opportunities, faster product launches, and new revenue streams.

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IPC Search Files

Bibliographic data of patents organized chronologically based on the International Patent Classification (IPC).

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What is the International Patent Classification (IPC)?

A hierarchical system that organizes patent documents based on technology areas, dividing them into sections, classes, subclasses, and groups.

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Classification-based Searching Advantage

Provides more comprehensive results compared to text searches, independent of language and terminology changes.

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Classification-based Searching Disadvantage

Requires understanding the complex structure and rules of the classification system.

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IPC Sections

Broad categories covering the entire spectrum of technology, such as Human Necessities, Performing Operations, Chemistry, etc.

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Complete IPC Symbol: B64C 25/30

Represents a specific technology within the IPC hierarchy, combining section, class, subclass, main group, subgroup, and group.

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Classifying an Invention: Step 1

Carefully identify the technical subject matter of the invention and focus on its essential characteristics.

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Classifying an Invention: Step 5

Determine the appropriate class, subclass, and main group that best encompass the invention's essential characteristics.

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Sweet Toy

A type of edible toy made from foam sugar paste and fruit gum, often imitating real-world objects like hamburgers or sausages.

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Layered Design

The sweet toy has at least three separate layers, with foam sugar shells on the top and bottom, and a fruit gum layer in between.

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Imitation Design

The sweet toy imitates familiar objects, like a hamburger or a frankfurter sausage, to add to its playfulness.

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Porous Surface

The foam sugar shells have a porous surface, which adds to their texture and allows for better absorption of flavors.

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Outer Coating

The sweet toy can be coated on the outside to hold the layers together and enhance its appearance.

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Study Notes

Patent Information Presentation Outline

  • The presentation outlines the functions of the patent system, what patent information is, users of patent information, characteristics of patent information, and its use. It also covers the IPC system.

Functions of the Patent System

  • Incentive Function: Motivates innovation by rewarding inventors.
  • Information Function: Disseminates technological knowledge.
  • Protection Function/Incentive: Reduces market competition, generates licensing revenue, facilitates cross-licensing or joint development, encourages investment, and enhances company value. Intellectual property (IP) portfolios can be sold separately during liquidation.

What is Patent Information?

  • Accumulates technical solutions to everyday challenges.
  • Includes all related information within a patent document.
  • Provides valuable legal, technical, business, and policy-related insights.
  • Expands technological knowledge and facilitates technological advancements.

Sources of Technological Information

  • Textbooks
  • Professional/technical journals
  • Colleagues
  • Other publications
  • Patent documents (most comprehensive and current source)

Users of Patent Information

  • Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
  • Research and development (R&D) institutions
  • Governmental institutions
  • Inventors
  • Patent professionals
  • Educational institutions and universities

Characteristics of Patent Information as a Source of Technological Information

  • Unique information not published elsewhere.
  • Well-organized classification system.
  • Concentrated information
  • Includes all information within patent documents.
  • Global and readily accessible via the internet.
  • Low cost to access.
  • Information is permanent.
  • A significant historical resource (e.g., U.S patent file spans over 200 years).

Use of Patent Information

  • To analyze applicants, inventors, IPC symbols, and to identify companies, collaborators, market leaders, and competitors, company technology, top inventors, invention teams, and experts in specific areas.
  • To analyze priority data (dates) to reveal innovation timelines, origins of technology, and patent rights terms.
  • To investigate prior art, new ideas, and solutions to technological problems.
  • To explore processes, product development, patentability, and interrelationships between technologies.
  • To identify promising new research themes.

Components of a Patent Document

  • Bibliographic Information: Patent number, issued date, application number, filing date, IPC classification, priority data, applicant/assignee, inventor(s), etc.
  • Technical Information: Title, description/disclosure/specification.
  • Legal Information: Claims (scope of protection)

Contents of the Specification

  • Title of the Invention
  • Background of the Invention
  • Summary of the Invention
  • Detailed Description of the Invention
  • Claims (Legal aspect)
  • Abstract

International Patent Classification (IPC)

  • An instrument for the orderly arrangement of patent documents.
  • Used for investigating the state of the art within specific fields of technology.

Procedures in Classifying Patents

  • Study the invention and subject matter.
  • Use keywords.
  • Consider the nature and use of the invention.
  • Scan IPC sections/classes.
  • Find relevant classifications for a given patent document.
  • Apply Special Rules (as required).

Practical Use of Patent Information Components

  • Analyzing patent components helps identify cooperating companies, markets, competitors, inventors, and technologies, and the evolution of technology.
  • Identifying technology trends, patenting trends, and company technology portfolios are also possible.

Analysis of Patent Information

  • Helps establish what is protected/unprotected, time limits and geographical boundaries of protection, potential licensors/licensees, infringers, existing solutions to technical problems, and language translations.
  • Helpful for identifying emerging research, leading research teams, technological trends, and patenting trends.

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Related Documents

Patent Information PDF

Description

This quiz explores the principles behind insect repellent inventions, particularly focusing on the use of emu oil. Participants will match active ingredients to their applications, understand patent document purposes, and learn about the regulatory aspects of insect repellents. Test your knowledge about natural repellents and the patent process involved.

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