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Questions and Answers
Which of the following might one be likely to see on a headstone when visiting a Native American Church (NAC) cemetery?
Which of the following might one be likely to see on a headstone when visiting a Native American Church (NAC) cemetery?
A Diné woman undergoes a ceremony that lasts all night that is MOST LIKELY a(n) ________.
A Diné woman undergoes a ceremony that lasts all night that is MOST LIKELY a(n) ________.
Blessingway
What is a person seeking healing in a Navajo ceremony typically called?
What is a person seeking healing in a Navajo ceremony typically called?
The one-sung-over
In Oregon v. Smith, why did the Supreme Court rule that Smith's religious freedom had not been violated?
In Oregon v. Smith, why did the Supreme Court rule that Smith's religious freedom had not been violated?
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Navajo ceremonies are typically performed in a domestic and religious structure known as a ____. A medicine person known as a ___ will sing for someone in need of a healing or blessing.
Navajo ceremonies are typically performed in a domestic and religious structure known as a ____. A medicine person known as a ___ will sing for someone in need of a healing or blessing.
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What tradition MOST often uses peyote?
What tradition MOST often uses peyote?
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According to Michael McNally, how might it harm the Diné to put reclaimed snow on the San Francisco Peaks?
According to Michael McNally, how might it harm the Diné to put reclaimed snow on the San Francisco Peaks?
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Because the term ___ originated with Spanish settler-colonialists, members of the Navajo Nation are increasingly referring to themselves in public as ___.
Because the term ___ originated with Spanish settler-colonialists, members of the Navajo Nation are increasingly referring to themselves in public as ___.
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According to the Diné creation myth, where did First Man and First Woman come from?
According to the Diné creation myth, where did First Man and First Woman come from?
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Which of the following factors makes scholarship on Diné religion especially difficult? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following factors makes scholarship on Diné religion especially difficult? (Select all that apply)
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Which of the following factors contributed to the Diné adopting Peyotism? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following factors contributed to the Diné adopting Peyotism? (Select all that apply)
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Which of the following factors have helped Pentecostal missionaries gain Navajo converts? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following factors have helped Pentecostal missionaries gain Navajo converts? (Select all that apply)
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Which of the following were arguments that spraying treated sewer water onto the San Francisco Peaks places a burden on Diné religion? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following were arguments that spraying treated sewer water onto the San Francisco Peaks places a burden on Diné religion? (Select all that apply)
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In Navajo Nation v. U.S. Forest Service, why did Larry Foster describe Diné medicine bundles as 'our bible'?
In Navajo Nation v. U.S. Forest Service, why did Larry Foster describe Diné medicine bundles as 'our bible'?
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Why does this textbook discuss only the religion of the Diné instead of all Native American religions?
Why does this textbook discuss only the religion of the Diné instead of all Native American religions?
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A Diné medicine man travels for years to gather soil from each of the four sacred mountains. For what purpose is he MOST LIKELY gathering this soil?
A Diné medicine man travels for years to gather soil from each of the four sacred mountains. For what purpose is he MOST LIKELY gathering this soil?
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Which of the following statements BEST characterizes the approach of the Franciscan missionaries who arrived in the Southwest in the seventeenth century?
Which of the following statements BEST characterizes the approach of the Franciscan missionaries who arrived in the Southwest in the seventeenth century?
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The San Francisco Peaks are a holy place to the Diné. Therefore, they visit the peaks as often as possible?
The San Francisco Peaks are a holy place to the Diné. Therefore, they visit the peaks as often as possible?
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Which of the following statements BEST describes the adoption of Peyotism by the Diné?
Which of the following statements BEST describes the adoption of Peyotism by the Diné?
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What event does this painting by Hopi artists depict?
What event does this painting by Hopi artists depict?
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Arrange these events in chronological order, placing the event that happened first at the top:
Arrange these events in chronological order, placing the event that happened first at the top:
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Which of the following was a consequence of Oregon v. Smith?
Which of the following was a consequence of Oregon v. Smith?
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The Ninth Circuit Court was given ample information about the religious significance of the San Francisco Peaks to the Diné. Why did it claim the Snowbowl project would not be a 'substantial burden' on the Diné's religious freedom?
The Ninth Circuit Court was given ample information about the religious significance of the San Francisco Peaks to the Diné. Why did it claim the Snowbowl project would not be a 'substantial burden' on the Diné's religious freedom?
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Which of the following BEST describes traditional Diné mourning practices?
Which of the following BEST describes traditional Diné mourning practices?
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Diné healing practices often involve a _____ who determines what is troubling the patient. The patient may then be sent to a ____ who performs a ceremony over them.
Diné healing practices often involve a _____ who determines what is troubling the patient. The patient may then be sent to a ____ who performs a ceremony over them.
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In his dissent, what was Judge Fletcher's critique of the argument that spraying treated sewer water onto a sacred mountain was merely a subjective experience?
In his dissent, what was Judge Fletcher's critique of the argument that spraying treated sewer water onto a sacred mountain was merely a subjective experience?
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Study Notes
Headstones in Native American Cemeteries
- Common symbols on headstones include a cross, peyote drum, and eagle feathers.
Blessingway Ceremony
- A Diné woman's all-night ceremony focused on the story of Changing Woman aims to prevent illness and misfortune.
Healing Terminology
- Individuals seeking healing during Navajo ceremonies are referred to as "the one-sung-over."
Oregon v. Smith Case
- The Supreme Court ruled that the illegal status of peyote in Oregon applied to all citizens, irrespective of religious beliefs.
Ceremonial Structures
- Navajo ceremonies take place in a structure called a Hogan, with a medicine person known as a Hataalii performing blessings and healing.
Peyote Usage
- Peyote is predominantly utilized within the Native American Church for its spiritual benefits.
Cultural Impact of San Francisco Peaks
- Reclaimed snow on sacred mountains can disorient the Diné, disrupting cultural connection and practices.
Self-identification of the Navajo
- Increasingly, members of the Navajo Nation prefer the term Diné, meaning "The People," over the historically imposed term Navajo.
Diné Creation Myth
- According to their myth, First Man and First Woman emerged from the lower worlds into the Earth Surface World.
Challenges in Diné Religious Scholarship
- Insider beliefs are often not disclosed to outsiders.
- Risk of misrepresentation by non-Diné scholars, who may perpetuate stereotypes.
- Diné religion integrates with broader cultural practices, complicating clear distinctions.
Adoption of Peyotism Factors
- Peyote rituals foster community and divine connection.
- Viewed as an ancient, local practice rather than a modern import.
- Associated with healing qualities and supportive of various religious identities.
- Encourages positive lifestyle choices.
Pentecostal Influence on Diné
- Emphasis on healing aligns with traditional practices.
- Shared beliefs about the Holy Spirit resonate with Diné concepts.
- Local pastors facilitate easier communication by speaking both languages.
Environmental Concerns Regarding San Francisco Peaks
- Spraying treated sewer water threatens Diné religious practices reliant on untouched materials from the mountain, causing psychological harm.
Diné Medicine Bundles
- Native Americans often liken their medicine bundles to a bible, tying religious rights to comparisons with Christianity.
Focus on Diné Religion
- Diverse Native American religions are too varied to cover comprehensively in one chapter.
Purpose of Gathering Soil
- A Diné medicine man collects soil from the four sacred mountains to create a medicine bundle.
Franciscan Missionary Approach
- Seventeenth-century Franciscans utilized confrontation and exclusion, pushing converts away from native cultures.
Access to Holy Places
- While the San Francisco Peaks are considered sacred, regular visitation is not customary for the Diné.
Diné Acceptance of Peyotism
- Initial resistance among Diné leaders to peyotism transitioned gradually to acceptance.
Historical Events
- The timeline of historical events includes the arrival of Franciscans, the Pueblo Revolt, the Long Walk, and the signing of the Navajo Treaty.
Consequences of Oregon v. Smith
- Resulted in the enactment of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA).
Religious Freedom Rulings
- The Ninth Circuit found the Snowbowl project not a "substantial burden" on Diné religious freedom, interpreting that only government coercion constitutes a burden.
Traditional Mourning Practices
- Diné mourning customs emphasize safeguarding the living from the dead through specified rituals.
Healing Roles in Diné Culture
- Healing involves a diagnostician to identify issues, followed by a singer who conducts the healing ceremony.
Judicial Critique on Subjective Feelings
- Judge Fletcher argued that all religions have subjective experiences at their core, challenging the Ninth Circuit's dismissal based on "damaged feelings."
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Description
Test your knowledge of Navajo cultural symbols and significant ceremonies with this chapter quiz. From headstone markers to important rituals, this quiz explores key aspects of Diné spirituality. Challenge yourself on the meanings and contexts of these important cultural elements.
