Inorganic Non-Metallic Materials

• Inorganic non-metallic materials are important for national progress and social development.
• Their high strength, fire prevention and nontoxicity make them valuable in construction engineering.
• The elements of inorganic non-metallic materials can change, leading to varying advantages and characteristics based on composition.
• Analyzing their construction and use in engineering improves construction development.

Overview of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials

• Traditional inorganic non-metallic materials are essential in architectural engineering.
• The development of new inorganic non-metallic materials are vital for modern industry, national defense and life science.
• These materials reduce energy consumption in construction projects, aiding energy conservation.
• They feature a high melting point, resistance to damage and good oxidation resistance.
• Potential issues when used in construction include easy deformation and poor toughness.

Classification: Traditional Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials

Gelled Material

• Cementitious materials are common in construction; lime and gypsum are widely used.
• Lime improves water retention and plasticity in construction engineering, addressing cement mortar bleeding.
• Lime shrinks in dry environments and is best used with paint, not alone.

Ceramic

• Pottery has moisture-absorbing stoma and rough sections, while dense porcelain has low water absorption.
• Ceramic products are increasing due to economic and technological advancements.
• Microstructures vary based on component proportions and have led to increased research into functional ceramics technology.
• Ceramic materials offer high strength and insulation but are brittle.

New Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials

• New inorganic nonmetallic materials are used in building engineering.
• Examples include thermal insulation materials and silicate materials.

Heat Preservation Material

• Insulation materials balance indoor and outdoor temperatures.
• They contain holes to absorb sound waves.
• Insulation materials address wall fractures, mildew, peeling, and water leakage.
• High safety and randomness counteract material shedding and large temperature differences.

Silicate Material

• Silicate is important because of its hardness and widespread use in construction.
• Silicate resists corrosion, and withstands ultimate loads, outperforming metals at certain temperatures.
• It provides strong gel structures, improving thermal insulation and application in building construction.

Application and Advantages in Construction Engineering

• China's construction industry growth faces energy and material shortages as a key issue.
• The use of inorganic non-metallic materials provides effective insulation, enhances building insulation and longevity.
• It shields buildings from the environment, reducing damage and corrosion.
• These materials are commonly used in masonry walls and improve thermal insulation.

Application in Building Insulation

• These materials can be used for wall insulation, improving thermal insulation of buildings, reducing loss and performance in extreme weather.
• Materials like rock wool, diatomite, and foam glass are used for insulation, each with unique properties.
• Flocculent materials like rock wool fiber are easy to obtain, produce low energy loss, and offer chemical durability and water resistance.
• Diatomite, a biochemical sedimentary rock, is absorbent in powder form and has strong heat resistance.
• Foam glass is non-toxic, durable, chemically stable, and resistant to acids and alkalis.
• Its heat insulation is stable in low temperature, wet conditions, and it is used for roof, external wall, ceiling and pipe insulation.
• Their use in construction enhances thermal insulation, stability, environmental protection, and pollution prevention.

Application Evaluation in Building Engineering

• Inorganic nonmetallic materials innovate industries, save resources, and develop new energy.
• They are defined as "project" in architectural engineering.
• Construction projects using different energy-saving measures is able to reduce the consumption of more than 20 tons of standard coal every year, and the total energy saving rate can reach more than 25%.
• "Inorganic nonmetal projects" succeed in energy saving, making them more efficient than traditional materials.
• Inorganic non-metallic materials are replacing traditional ones.