Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of this chapter in relation to metal ions?
What is the primary focus of this chapter in relation to metal ions?
- Their physical properties
- Their electronic structural features
- Their Lewis acid characteristics
- Their roles in biology (correct)
What do metal ions in biology frequently bind to?
What do metal ions in biology frequently bind to?
- Nucleic acid acids
- Donor ligands (correct)
- Other metal ions
- Protein backbones
What is a characteristic of 'hard' species in the hard-soft theory of acids and bases?
What is a characteristic of 'hard' species in the hard-soft theory of acids and bases?
- They are found only in organic cofactors
- They are large and highly polarizable
- They are always Lewis bases
- They are small and less easily polarized (correct)
What is the term for species that are large and fairly polarizable?
What is the term for species that are large and fairly polarizable?
What do ligand atoms coordinate to in a biological medium?
What do ligand atoms coordinate to in a biological medium?
What is the purpose of understanding the special properties of metal ions?
What is the purpose of understanding the special properties of metal ions?
What is the general rule regarding hard acids and hard bases?
What is the general rule regarding hard acids and hard bases?
What type of metal ions tend to bind to cysteine sulfhydryl groups or methionine thioether linkages?
What type of metal ions tend to bind to cysteine sulfhydryl groups or methionine thioether linkages?
What is the primary function of metallothionein proteins?
What is the primary function of metallothionein proteins?
What is the term used to describe the coordination of two or more donor atoms from a single ligand to a central metal atom?
What is the term used to describe the coordination of two or more donor atoms from a single ligand to a central metal atom?
What is the purpose of adding EDTA to buffer solutions in biological research?
What is the purpose of adding EDTA to buffer solutions in biological research?
What type of metal ions are typically coordinated by carboxylate oxygen atoms?
What type of metal ions are typically coordinated by carboxylate oxygen atoms?
What is the name of the ligand used in medicine to chelate metal ions that might be present in toxic excess?
What is the name of the ligand used in medicine to chelate metal ions that might be present in toxic excess?
What is the term used to describe the stability of metal-chelate complexes resulting from the favorable entropic factor?
What is the term used to describe the stability of metal-chelate complexes resulting from the favorable entropic factor?
What is the name of the macrocyclic molecules that have four nearly coplanar pyrrole rings with their nitrogen donor atoms directed toward a central metal ion?
What is the name of the macrocyclic molecules that have four nearly coplanar pyrrole rings with their nitrogen donor atoms directed toward a central metal ion?
What is the biological function of metallothionein proteins?
What is the biological function of metallothionein proteins?
What is the effect of adding bulky R groups to Cu(R-sal) complexes?
What is the effect of adding bulky R groups to Cu(R-sal) complexes?
What is the preferred coordination geometry of divalent copper(II) complexes?
What is the preferred coordination geometry of divalent copper(II) complexes?
What is the general order of binding preference for divalent first-row transition-metal ions?
What is the general order of binding preference for divalent first-row transition-metal ions?
What is the effect of the positive charge on most metal ions in biology on protic ligands bound in the coordination sphere?
What is the effect of the positive charge on most metal ions in biology on protic ligands bound in the coordination sphere?
What is the effect of soft ligands such as RS- or R2S on the Cu(I)/Cu(II) reduction potential?
What is the effect of soft ligands such as RS- or R2S on the Cu(I)/Cu(II) reduction potential?
What is the effect of coordinating multiple metal ions to a protic ligand on the pK, value?
What is the effect of coordinating multiple metal ions to a protic ligand on the pK, value?
What is the role of noncoordinating residues in proteins?
What is the role of noncoordinating residues in proteins?
What is the redox potential of the Cu(I)/Cu(II) couple affected by?
What is the redox potential of the Cu(I)/Cu(II) couple affected by?
What determines the thermodynamic stability of a metal center in a biological environment?
What determines the thermodynamic stability of a metal center in a biological environment?
What is the significance of the Irving-Williams series?
What is the significance of the Irving-Williams series?
What is the preferred coordination geometry of copper(I), a closed-shell d10 ion?
What is the preferred coordination geometry of copper(I), a closed-shell d10 ion?
What is the general term for the study of the principles governing the formation of complexes of metal ions with biological molecules?
What is the general term for the study of the principles governing the formation of complexes of metal ions with biological molecules?
What is the effect of the protein environment on the redox potential of metal ions?
What is the effect of the protein environment on the redox potential of metal ions?
What is an example of a metalloprotein that has a strong and specific metal-binding site?
What is an example of a metalloprotein that has a strong and specific metal-binding site?
What is the deprotonation of coordinated water to form a hydroxo ligand related to?
What is the deprotonation of coordinated water to form a hydroxo ligand related to?
What is the function of the chelate effect in bioinorganic chemistry?
What is the function of the chelate effect in bioinorganic chemistry?
What is the effect of divalent metal ions on the pK, values of protic ligands compared to trivalent metal ions?
What is the effect of divalent metal ions on the pK, values of protic ligands compared to trivalent metal ions?
What is the effect of the local dielectric constant on the redox potential of metal ions?
What is the effect of the local dielectric constant on the redox potential of metal ions?
What is the structure of the [Fe(H2O)5OH]+ complex?
What is the structure of the [Fe(H2O)5OH]+ complex?
What is the function of EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) in bioinorganic chemistry?
What is the function of EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) in bioinorganic chemistry?
What is the phenomenon referred to as the alteration of energy levels of d-orbitals in a metal ion due to the surrounding ligands?
What is the phenomenon referred to as the alteration of energy levels of d-orbitals in a metal ion due to the surrounding ligands?
What determines the strength of the ligand field at a metal center?
What determines the strength of the ligand field at a metal center?
What is the spectrochemical series used to determine?
What is the spectrochemical series used to determine?
What can be used to highlight a very localized region of a metalloprotein?
What can be used to highlight a very localized region of a metalloprotein?
What is the effect of metal ions on the reactivity of ligands?
What is the effect of metal ions on the reactivity of ligands?
What is the term used to describe the energy separation between the lower and upper sets of orbitals in octahedral complexes?
What is the term used to describe the energy separation between the lower and upper sets of orbitals in octahedral complexes?
What is the shape of a coordination polyhedron with a coordination number of 5?
What is the shape of a coordination polyhedron with a coordination number of 5?
What is the term used to describe the alteration of d-orbital energies due to the surrounding ligands?
What is the term used to describe the alteration of d-orbital energies due to the surrounding ligands?
What is the purpose of ligand-field splitting diagrams?
What is the purpose of ligand-field splitting diagrams?
What is the effect of the positively charged metal center on the acidity of coordinated water?
What is the effect of the positively charged metal center on the acidity of coordinated water?
What is the primary reason for the kinetic inertness of metalloproteins?
What is the primary reason for the kinetic inertness of metalloproteins?
What is the general trend for ligand exchange rates among metal ions?
What is the general trend for ligand exchange rates among metal ions?
Which of the following metal ions is characterized by very inert ligand exchange rates?
Which of the following metal ions is characterized by very inert ligand exchange rates?
What is the effect of multidentate chelating ligands on the metal-ligand exchange rates of first-row transition-metal ions?
What is the effect of multidentate chelating ligands on the metal-ligand exchange rates of first-row transition-metal ions?
What is the typical coordination number of metal ions that undergo associative ligand displacement reactions?
What is the typical coordination number of metal ions that undergo associative ligand displacement reactions?
What is the characteristic of inner-sphere electron transfer reactions?
What is the characteristic of inner-sphere electron transfer reactions?
Which of the following ligands is known to form a more inert M-L bond?
Which of the following ligands is known to form a more inert M-L bond?
What is the effect of denaturing a protein on the metal ions bound to it?
What is the effect of denaturing a protein on the metal ions bound to it?
What is the characteristic of substitution reactions at metal centers bound to proteins or nucleic acids?
What is the characteristic of substitution reactions at metal centers bound to proteins or nucleic acids?
What is the typical feature of metalloporphyrins?
What is the typical feature of metalloporphyrins?
What is the role of the chloride ion in the electron-transfer reaction between [CO(NH3)5CI]2+ and [Cr(H2O)5CI]2+?
What is the role of the chloride ion in the electron-transfer reaction between [CO(NH3)5CI]2+ and [Cr(H2O)5CI]2+?
What is the characteristic of the electron-transfer reaction between metal centers within and between metalloprotein molecules?
What is the characteristic of the electron-transfer reaction between metal centers within and between metalloprotein molecules?
What is the prediction of the Marcus theory for outer-sphere electron-transfer reactions?
What is the prediction of the Marcus theory for outer-sphere electron-transfer reactions?
What is the d-electron configuration of the Fe(III) ion?
What is the d-electron configuration of the Fe(III) ion?
What is the coordination geometry typically exhibited by metal ions in bioinorganic chemistry?
What is the coordination geometry typically exhibited by metal ions in bioinorganic chemistry?
What is the role of the precursor complex in outer-sphere electron-transfer reactions?
What is the role of the precursor complex in outer-sphere electron-transfer reactions?
What is the characteristic of the inner-sphere electron-transfer reaction?
What is the characteristic of the inner-sphere electron-transfer reaction?
Why is the rate of electron transfer affected in the inverted region?
Why is the rate of electron transfer affected in the inverted region?
What is the term used to describe the correlation between the equilibrium and rate constants for outer-sphere electron-transfer reactions?
What is the term used to describe the correlation between the equilibrium and rate constants for outer-sphere electron-transfer reactions?
What is the purpose of understanding the special properties of metal ions in biology?
What is the purpose of understanding the special properties of metal ions in biology?
What is the term used to describe the approach of forming a desired replica molecule by reacting a metal with the simplest ligands containing the known or suspected biological donor atoms?
What is the term used to describe the approach of forming a desired replica molecule by reacting a metal with the simplest ligands containing the known or suspected biological donor atoms?
Why do the molecules formed between metal and ligands become major components of the mixture of compounds?
Why do the molecules formed between metal and ligands become major components of the mixture of compounds?
What is the characteristic of metal-ligand bonds in most bioinorganic centers?
What is the characteristic of metal-ligand bonds in most bioinorganic centers?
What is the advantage of the spontaneous self-assembly approach in replicating metalloprotein core structures?
What is the advantage of the spontaneous self-assembly approach in replicating metalloprotein core structures?
What is the criticism of the spontaneous self-assembly approach by some scientists?
What is the criticism of the spontaneous self-assembly approach by some scientists?
What is the significance of the interaction between the geosphere and the biosphere in the development of bioinorganic chemistry?
What is the significance of the interaction between the geosphere and the biosphere in the development of bioinorganic chemistry?
What facilitates nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl group in the hydrolysis of amino-acid esters at neutral pH?
What facilitates nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl group in the hydrolysis of amino-acid esters at neutral pH?
What is an example of a reaction that is facilitated by metal centers?
What is an example of a reaction that is facilitated by metal centers?
Why is the uncatalyzed reaction of amino-acid ester hydrolysis essentially unobservable at neutral pH?
Why is the uncatalyzed reaction of amino-acid ester hydrolysis essentially unobservable at neutral pH?
What is the purpose of using model complexes in bioinorganic chemistry?
What is the purpose of using model complexes in bioinorganic chemistry?
What is the term for the phenomenon in which the metal serves to organize reactive units in condensation reactions?
What is the term for the phenomenon in which the metal serves to organize reactive units in condensation reactions?
What is promoted by coordination of cupric ion to the leaving group in phosphate ester hydrolysis?
What is promoted by coordination of cupric ion to the leaving group in phosphate ester hydrolysis?
Why is it challenging to obtain high-resolution structural information about the metal coordination sphere in metallobiopolymers?
Why is it challenging to obtain high-resolution structural information about the metal coordination sphere in metallobiopolymers?
What is the term for a model complex designed to replicate the physical and chemical properties of the metal center in a biopolymer?
What is the term for a model complex designed to replicate the physical and chemical properties of the metal center in a biopolymer?
What is essential to know when studying model complexes?
What is essential to know when studying model complexes?
What has the model approach provided in the field of bioinorganic chemistry?
What has the model approach provided in the field of bioinorganic chemistry?