Inner Ear Structure and Fluid Composition
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Questions and Answers

What fluid surrounds the membranous labyrinth in the cochlea?

  • Perilymph
  • Intracellular fluid
  • Cerebrospinal fluid
  • Endolymph (correct)
  • Which part of the cochlea transduces sound energy into action potentials?

  • Modiolus
  • Cochlear duct
  • Spiral lamina
  • Basilar membrane (correct)
  • What is the function of the auditory apparatus in the membranous labyrinth?

  • Nerve conduction
  • Fluid production
  • Balance coordination
  • Transduction of sound energy (correct)
  • What is the composition of perilymph in the bony labyrinth similar to?

    <p>Cerebrospinal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure gives attachment to the basilar membrane in the cochlea?

    <p>Spiral lamina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the vestibular apparatus in the membranous labyrinth?

    <p>Balance and spatial orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the cilia of outer and inner hair cells?

    <p>Outer hair cell cilia project into the tectorial membrane, while inner hair cell cilia do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tip-links connecting the tips of the cilia in hair cells?

    <p>Help move the bundle of stereocilia as a unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter range of stereocilia found at the apical surface of hair cells?

    <p>0.2 to 0.8 μm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main structural composition of stereocilia in hair cells?

    <p>Contain cross-linked actin filaments surrounded by myosin molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the size of outer hair cells change along the basilar membrane?

    <p>The size increases from base to apex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many stereocilia are typically found at the apical surface of a hair cell?

    <p>50-100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit used to express the frequency of sound waves?

    <p>Hertz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of sound wave is perceived as musical sounds if regularly repeated?

    <p>Pure tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what range of frequencies is the human ear most sensitive?

    <p>100-5000 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medium allows sound waves to travel at a much greater speed compared to air?

    <p>Solid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of sound is defined as the subjective sensation produced by the frequency of sound?

    <p>Pitch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sinusoidal sound wave with only one frequency called?

    <p>Pure tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the ear is responsible for pitch discrimination?

    <p>Basilar membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hair cells in the basilar membrane respond maximally to low-frequency sound waves?

    <p>Hair cells near the apical region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor involved in localizing the source of a low-frequency sound in the horizontal plane?

    <p>Difference in time of arrival at the two ears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a sound source is equidistant from both ears, what happens to the time of arrival at the two ears?

    <p>The sound reaches both ears simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum time difference that the brain can detect between the arrival of a sound at the two ears for frequencies below 3000 Hz?

    <p>20 μs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the horizontal plane, which ear perceives a higher intensity of a sound source located to one side?

    <p>The ear nearer to the sound source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of cognitive behavior modification?

    <p>Modifying behavior through self-talk and cognitive strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a technique for teaching self-talk?

    <p>Providing written prompts for the student to read silently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information provided, which of the following is NOT recommended for coping with undesirable behaviors?

    <p>Relying solely on punishment without reinforcing desired behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle is mentioned as a way to encourage positive behavior?

    <p>The Premack principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using satiation as a technique for coping with undesirable behaviors?

    <p>To reinforce the undesirable behavior until the student becomes bored with it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to encourage positive behavior?

    <p>Cognitive restructuring</p> Signup and view all the answers

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