Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes the adaptive immune system after the initial exposure to a pathogen?
What characterizes the adaptive immune system after the initial exposure to a pathogen?
- It develops memory for a quicker response upon re-exposure. (correct)
- It activates immediately upon exposure.
- It becomes slower with each re-exposure.
- It produces antibodies only after the first exposure.
Which type of cells are involved in humoral immunity?
Which type of cells are involved in humoral immunity?
- Macrophages
- Natural killer cells
- B cells (correct)
- T cells
What role does innate immunity play in relation to adaptive immunity?
What role does innate immunity play in relation to adaptive immunity?
- It suppresses the adaptive immune response to prevent overreactions.
- It exclusively targets intracellular pathogens.
- It serves as the first line of defense and interacts with adaptive immunity. (correct)
- It functions independently without activating adaptive immunity.
What happens when a pathogen is re-encountered by the immune system?
What happens when a pathogen is re-encountered by the immune system?
How do antigen presenting cells, such as macrophages, contribute to the adaptive immune response?
How do antigen presenting cells, such as macrophages, contribute to the adaptive immune response?
What best describes an antigen?
What best describes an antigen?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with the innate immune system?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with the innate immune system?
What is the first line of defense in the innate immune system?
What is the first line of defense in the innate immune system?
How does the innate immune system respond to an antigen after the first encounter?
How does the innate immune system respond to an antigen after the first encounter?
What describes the adaptive immune system?
What describes the adaptive immune system?
Which of the following statements about the innate immune system is correct?
Which of the following statements about the innate immune system is correct?
What is the role of leukocytes in the immune system?
What is the role of leukocytes in the immune system?
Which feature distinguishes the adaptive immune system from the innate immune system?
Which feature distinguishes the adaptive immune system from the innate immune system?
Flashcards
Antigen
Antigen
A substance that triggers an immune response in the body.
Innate Immune System
Innate Immune System
The body's first line of defense against pathogens. It is non-specific and does not develop memory.
Inflammatory Response
Inflammatory Response
The second line of defense in the immune system. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.
Adaptive Immune System
Adaptive Immune System
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Phagocytes
Phagocytes
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Mast Cells
Mast Cells
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Antibodies
Antibodies
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Natural Killer (NK) Cells
Natural Killer (NK) Cells
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Immune Memory
Immune Memory
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Innate Immunity
Innate Immunity
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Humoral Immunity
Humoral Immunity
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Cell-mediated Immunity
Cell-mediated Immunity
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Antigen Presentation
Antigen Presentation
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Study Notes
Innate Immune System Overview
- Antigen Definition: A substance triggering an immune response; targets of antibodies and white blood cells. Can be foreign microbes, infected cells, or abnormal tissues. Self-antigens are normal healthy cells.
- Immune System Types: Consists of innate and adaptive immunity.
- Innate Immunity: A non-specific, immediate immune response present at birth. It does not learn or develop memory; the response to an antigen is consistent each time. Key characteristics: immediate, broad, and lacks memory.
- Innate Response Timing: The first response during antigen encounters.
- Innate System Components: Composed of physical barriers (first line) and the inflammatory response (second line).
- Cells Involved: Leukocytes (white blood cells) play a role. Refer to a separate Hematology pre-module PowerPoint for detailed information on leukocytes and their specific roles in different immune systems.
- Study Note: Review the Hematology pre-module PowerPoint on leukocytes for detailed information.
Adaptive Immune System Overview
- Adaptive/Acquired Immunity: A highly specific immune system that develops memory. It is slower initially, but subsequent responses to same pathogen are quicker.
- Memory Development: Re-exposure to an antigen triggers a much faster immune response.
- Adaptive Immunity Sub-types: Divided into humoral (B cells) and cell-mediated (T cells) immunity.
- Further Study: The detailed study of adaptive immunity will be in a subsequent PowerPoint.
Relationship Between Innate and Adaptive Immunity
- Innate Initial Response: The innate system is activated first.
- Innate-Adaptive Interaction: The innate system interacts with the adaptive system. Antigen-presenting cells (e.g., macrophages) interact with CD4 T helper cells, which activates the adaptive immune response.
- Further Study: More details on the interaction and processes will be covered in this and subsequent PowerPoints.
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