Innate Immune Response Cells

<p>Short half life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Producing antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through presentation of antigens by antigen-presenting cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Signaling molecules that help the immune system communicate with itself (guided immune support)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteins that directimmune cells to the site of infection or inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone Marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promoting the maturation of T cells in the thymus and maintenance of T cell population outside of the thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Release granules and DNA &quot;nets&quot; to cause necrosis at sites of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only antigen presenting cells can activate CD4. These are dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macrophage = Tissue resident, maintain homeostasis, remove old RBC in the spleen, secrete cytokines and chemokines, phagocytosis, antigen presenting, PRR, long- lived Neutrophils = Not tissue resident, most abundant circulating cell in blood, most abundant in bone marrow, awaits signals from macrophages, phagocytic, release granules, release DNA &quot;nets&quot;, makes up puss, PRR, short-lived Eosinophils = Parasites and helminth target, chronic asthma association, maintains TH2 environment Mast Cells = Tissue resident, uses B- cells and antigens, parasites, activated by IgE</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural Killer Cells = Identify stressed and infected cells, uses MHC sensor, releases cytoxic proteins to initiate apoptosis, releases interferon gamma Dendritic Cells = Activate CD4 and CD8 T-cells, tissue resident when immature Basophils = Allergic responses and B-cell development N/A = N/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anaphylatoxin = Recruitment of immune system; Pro-inflammation Opsonization = Bind to bacteria so macrophages can dissolve (receptor mediated endocytosis) Membrane Attack Complex (MAC) = Bind to bacteria to punch hole into it and compromise membrane integrity N/A = N/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anaphylatoxin = C4a,C3a, C5a Opsonin = C3b MAC = C5b, C6-C9 Enzymatic function = C4b</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Step 1 = C1q, C1r and C1s are activated first(acquired immune response by antibody) • Cleave C4 into C4a Step 2 = C2 --&gt; enzymatically cleaved to make C2a and C2b;C4 enzymatically cleaved to make C4a and C4b;• Forms C4b2a enzyme that cleaves C3 into C3a and C3b (C3 convertase) Step 3 = C3 enzymatically cleaved to make C3a and C3b; Forms C5 convertase (C4b2a3b) Step 4 = C5 enzymatically cleaved to make C5a and C5b; C5b and C6-C9 form MAC</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Classic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alternative</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MAC inhibitors = Inhibit C5b, C6- C9 N/A = N/A C1 inhibitors = Inhibit C4/ C2 Soluble membrane bound inhibitors = Inhibit C3 to protect against spontaneous C3b activation due to aqueous environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clonal expansion and clonal selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macrophage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Memory responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activation/ proliferation, differentiation, effector/ resolution, contraction, memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 = Intracellular infection: Mycobacteria, viruses, protozoa Type 2 = Surface pathogens: helminths, arthropods Type 3 = Extracellular infection: bacteria/ fungi N/A = N/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 = Interferon, macrophages , natural killer cells Type 2 = Mast cells, eosinophils Type 3 = Neutrophils N/A = N/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 = TH1 T cells Cytotoxic T lymphocytes IgM, IgG, IgA Type 2 = TH2 T cells IgE Type 3 = TH17 T cells N/A = N/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 = Autoimmune Type 2 = Allergies Type 3 = Autoimmune N/A = N/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) = Mannose-binding Lectin (MBL) Antigen Binding Receptor = B Cell receptor (BCR), T Cell Receptor (TCR) Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) = Toll Receptor Antigen Binding Receptor = Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC); Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) in humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TLR (Toll like receptor) are a pathogen associate molecular pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IgM = Activate complement; Can be secreted if IgE not made;o Forms pentamer (can bind to 10 potential antigens at the same time); Not useful for viral infections IgG = Crosses placenta; Neutralize viruses; Found in interstitial fluids (can leave blood); Most function/ most important; Longest half-life; Always single IgE = Parasite; Binds to surface of mast cells; Always bound IgA = Secretions (saliva); Mucosal immunity; Dimer when secreted/ Monomer when circulating in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Expressed on B cells that have never seen antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main functions of IgM is to neutralize viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers