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Questions and Answers
Abuse of alcohol and other drugs is not considered a serious health threat to individuals, families, and communities.
False
Chronic alcohol and other drug abuse is considered constructive behavior in most cultures.
False
Psychological dependence on a drug is characterized by an overwhelming desire to continue using the drug.
True
Drug misuse involves the appropriate use of prescription or nonprescription drugs.
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Inherited risk factors do not contribute to alcohol, tobacco, and other drug abuse.
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Over-the-counter drugs are always safe for consumption and cannot lead to misuse or abuse.
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Primary prevention aims to provide drug abuse treatment and aftercare to chronic drug users.
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Secondary prevention targets individuals who have begun alcohol or other drug use but have not become chronic abusers.
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Tertiary prevention is designed for adults and is common for teenagers.
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Drug abuse education provides information about the benefits of drug abuse.
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Treatment for drug abuse and dependence aims to remove the physical, emotional, and environmental conditions contributing to drug abuse.
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Public policy guides principles and courses of action to address societal problems.
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Law enforcement aims to increase the supply and availability of drugs.
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Primary prevention focuses on providing treatment for chronic drug users.
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Drug abuse education aims to change attitudes and beliefs about drugs.
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Law enforcement involves applying laws to arrest, jail, and sentence those who break drug laws.
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Genes that code for enzymes enhancing the normal metabolism of alcohol could cause one to respond positively to the effects of alcohol.
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Inherited alcoholism can be classified into Type I (milieu-limited) and Type II (female-limited).
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Genes play a role in influencing cigarette smoking.
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Drug abuse is solely influenced by genetic factors.
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Personal factors like impulsiveness and susceptibility to stress are examples of psychological risk factors for drug abuse.
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Study Notes
Drug Use, Misuse, and Abuse
- Defined as a psychological and sometimes physical state characterized by a craving for a drug
- Can be either psychological or physical dependence on the drug
Drug Use, Misuse, and Abuse
- Drug use refers to drug-taking behavior in general
- Drug misuse is the inappropriate use of prescription or nonprescription drugs
- Drug abuse is the use of a drug when it is detrimental to one's health or well-being
Risk Factors for Drug Abuse
- Inherited risk factors: genetics, family structure, family dynamics, quality of parenting, and family problems
- Home and family life: family attitudes toward alcohol and drug use influence adolescents' beliefs and expectations about the effects of drugs
- School and peer groups: perceived and actual drug use by peers influences attitudes and choices by adolescents
- Sociocultural environment: effects of sociocultural and physical settings on drug-taking behavior
Types of Drugs Abused
- Legal drugs: alcohol, nicotine, nonprescription (over-the-counter) drugs, and prescription drugs
- Illegal (illicit) drugs: marijuana, narcotics, cocaine and crack cocaine, hallucinogens, stimulants, depressants, club drugs, and designer drugs, anabolic drugs, and inhalants
Over-the-Counter Drugs
- Legal drugs that can be purchased without a physician's prescription
- Examples: analgesics (aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen), cough and cold remedies, emetics, laxatives, mouthwashes, vitamins, and many others
Prescription Drugs
- Can only be purchased with a physician's or dentist's written instruction/prescription
- Regulated by the FDA and subject to misuse and abuse
Controlled Substances and Illicit (Illegal) Drugs
- Drugs that cannot be legally manufactured, distributed, or sold, and that usually lack recognized medical value
- Examples: marijuana, narcotics, hallucinogens, stimulants, depressants, club drugs, and designer drugs
Prevention and Control of Drug Abuse
- Requires knowledge of causes of drug-taking behavior, sources of illicit drugs, drug laws, treatment programs, community organizing skills, and persistence and cooperation of various individuals and agencies
Levels of Prevention
- Primary prevention: target population has never used drugs; goal is to prevent or forestall the initiation of drug use
- Secondary prevention: target population has begun alcohol or other drug use but has not become chronic abusers and has not suffered significant physical or mental impairment from their drug or alcohol abuse; goal is to prevent chronic use and abuse
- Tertiary prevention: target population is chronic drug users and abusers; goal is to provide drug abuse treatment and aftercare, including relapse prevention programs
Elements of Prevention
- Education: provides information about drugs and the dangers of drug abuse, changing attitudes and beliefs about drugs, and providing the skills necessary to abstain from drugs
- Treatment: provides care that removes the physical, emotional, and environmental conditions that have contributed to drug abuse and/or dependence
- Public policy: guiding principles and courses of action pursued by governments to solve practical problems affecting society
- Law enforcement: application of laws to arrest, jail, bring to trial, and sentence those who break drug laws or break laws because of drug use
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Description
Test your knowledge on the influence of genetics, family dynamics, parenting quality, and peer groups on adolescents' beliefs and behaviors towards drug use. Explore the factors that shape an adolescent's attitudes and choices regarding alcohol and drug consumption.
