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Inheritance and Variation Patterns Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between meiosis and mitosis?

Mitosis leads to genetic variation, while meiosis produces genetically identical cells.

Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, while mitosis only has one round. (correct)

Mitosis results in the formation of haploid cells, while meiosis forms diploid cells.

Meiosis occurs only in reproductive organs, while mitosis occurs in all body cells.

During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

Metaphase I

Prophase I (correct)

Telophase I

Anaphase I

What is the significance of independent assortment in meiosis?

It promotes the formation of diploid zygotes during fertilization.

It prevents the formation of gametes in reproductive organs.

It leads to the random alignment of paternal and maternal chromosomes during metaphase I. (correct)

It ensures that homologous pairs stick together during cell division.

What can happen if there is a problem with nondisjunction during anaphase in meiosis?

Formation of gametes with incorrect chromosome numbers Signup and view all the answers

How does meiosis contribute to genetic variation among organisms?

By forming haploid cells with unique combinations of chromosomes. Signup and view all the answers

In Mendelian genetics, what do alleles represent?

Different versions of a gene for a trait Signup and view all the answers

What causes a person's unique characteristics?

The set of genes inherited from parents Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have in each somatic cell?

46 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of centromeres in a chromosome?

Attach spindle fibers during cell division Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells are made in reproductive organs and have one set of chromosomes?

Gametes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of alleles?

Code for different versions of the same gene Signup and view all the answers

What defines homologous chromosomes?

Chromosomes inherited from both parents Signup and view all the answers