Inheritance and Polymorphism in OOP
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Inheritance and Polymorphism in OOP

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Questions and Answers

What term describes when a derived class provides a specific implementation of a method already defined in its base class?

  • Overriding (correct)
  • Hiding
  • Overloading
  • Shadowing
  • Which type of method cannot be overridden when inherited?

  • Abstract method
  • Static method (correct)
  • Protected method
  • Virtual method
  • In the context of extension methods, what must the first parameter specify?

  • Value type
  • Nullable type
  • Reference type
  • The type to which the method applies (correct)
  • Which access modifier allows access to members only from the class itself and not from derived classes?

    <p>Private</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method type is typically used to provide a mechanism for different implementations in derived classes?

    <p>Overriding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must a virtual method not be classified as?

    <p>Static</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method allows extending existing types with additional functionality without changing their source code?

    <p>Using extension methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is defined in a static class that cannot be instantiated?

    <p>Extension method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key purpose of using the params keyword in method definitions?

    <p>To enable methods to accept a variable number of arguments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about method overloading is correct?

    <p>Method overloading requires different parameter types or number of parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios would most likely throw an ArgumentException?

    <p>When a user provides arguments that do not meet method specifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding method parameters when using the ref or out modifier?

    <p>Ref or out modifiers can be used with params arrays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't the following method definitions coexist: public static int Min(int[] paramList) and public static int Min(params int[] paramList)?

    <p>Overloading based solely on the inclusion of the params keyword is disallowed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of inheritance, which of these options captures what method overriding allows?

    <p>Providing a new implementation of a base class method in a derived class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Garbage collection primarily handles which of the following?

    <p>Automatic memory management for unused objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will happen if a method is defined to take multiple value types, but is called with a reference type?

    <p>A compile-time error will occur due to type mismatch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of inheritance in object-oriented programming?

    <p>To reduce code repetition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In C#, what happens if a derived class does not call a base-class constructor?

    <p>The default constructor of the base class is called automatically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which keyword is used in C# to explicitly call a base-class constructor?

    <p>base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is correct regarding destructors in C#?

    <p>Destructors cannot be inherited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types can inherit from a class in C#?

    <p>Classes only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of garbage collection in C#?

    <p>To prevent memory leaks by reclaiming unused memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of method overriding in C#?

    <p>The derived method must have the same signature as the base method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class is the root of all classes in C#?

    <p>System.Object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Object-Oriented Programming Concepts

    • A method in a derived class that has the same signature as a base class method hides the base method.
    • A method intended to be overridden is referred to as a virtual method.
    • Overriding is the mechanism that allows derived classes to provide different implementations of the same method.
    • A virtual method cannot be private; it must be accessible to allow overriding.
    • The signature of virtual and override methods must match exactly in both name and parameters.

    Access Modifiers

    • The protected access modifier allows access to class members from the class itself and derived classes.
    • To extend a type quickly without impacting existing code, utilize extension methods.
    • Extension methods are defined in a static class and allow adding static methods to existing types.
    • The first parameter of an extension method must specify the type to which the method applies.

    Interfaces and Abstract Classes

    • An interface does not contain any implementation; it specifies the methods and properties that implementing classes must fulfill.
    • Interfaces provide a way to separate method signatures from their implementations.
    • Both interfaces and abstract classes share similarities in defining methods that must be implemented.

    Inheritance

    • Inheritance helps avoid code repetition by allowing classes with common features to relate through a parent-child relationship.
    • In C#, inheritance is a relationship between classes and can only apply to classes, not structures.
    • Use the class DerivedClass : BaseClass {...} syntax for defining derived classes in C#.
    • C# inheritance is always implicitly public, meaning it allows access unless specified otherwise.

    Constructors and Base Class Calls

    • Initialization of fields within a class is performed in a constructor.
    • The base keyword is used to call a base class constructor in derived classes.
    • If a derived class does not explicitly call a base class constructor, the compiler automatically calls the base class’s default constructor.

    Method Overloading and Variadic Methods

    • Overloading occurs when multiple methods share the same name but differ in parameters.
    • A variadic method accepts a variable number of arguments, allowing for flexible method calls.
    • The ArgumentException class is used to handle illegal arguments supplied to methods.
    • The params keyword cannot be used with multidimensional arrays, and overloads cannot solely rely on the params keyword.

    Method Calls and Validations

    • Specifying the ref or out modifier with params arrays is not allowed.
    • Methods cannot share the same name and differ only by using the params keyword in different contexts if combined with ref or out.
    • Valid calls to a method with params include multiple argument entries, but using unsupported types or formats may lead to compilation errors.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the concepts of inheritance and polymorphism in Object-Oriented Programming. This quiz covers method overriding, hiding, and the usage of virtual methods in class design. Perfect for students learning about OOP principles.

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