Inhalation Devices and Techniques
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Questions and Answers

What is the correct step to take after pressing the inhalation device?

  • Stop breathing for 10 seconds
  • Continue to breathe in slowly and deeply (correct)
  • Hold your breath for up to 10 seconds
  • Breathe out slowly

    • What is the type of inhalation device shown in the image?

  • Nebulizer
  • Rotadisc
  • Diskus (correct)
  • DPI

    • Which medication is a LABA + IC formulation?

  • Pulmicort
  • Flixotide
  • Symbicort
  • Flutiform (correct)

    • What is the dose available for Fludalt Duo?

    <p>50/100; 50/250</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many inhalations per day is recommended for Seroflo?

    <p>1-2 inhalations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formulation of Symbicort?

    <p>Formoterol + Budesonide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the administration route of parenteral dosage forms?

    <p>Injected through the skin or implanted within the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of holding your breath for up to 10 seconds?

    <p>To hold the medication in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a drug dosage form?

    <p>To deliver drug molecules to sites of action within the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe inactive ingredients in a drug dosage form?

    <p>Excipients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of a drug dosage form?

    <p>Prescription label</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of adding inactive ingredients to a drug dosage form?

    <p>To improve the appearance and taste of the medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the PHAR250 course covers the different types of drug dosage forms?

    <p>Different Drug Dosage Forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the physical form of a drug that is delivered to the body to produce a therapeutic effect?

    <p>Drug dosage form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of hard-shelled capsules?

    <p>Contain dry, powdered ingredients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a solution and a suspension?

    <p>In a solution, the drug is dissolved in water, whereas in a suspension, the drug is not fully dissolved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an emulsifying agent in an emulsion?

    <p>To stabilize the product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an elixir?

    <p>A solution of a drug in a sweetened mixture of water and alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of topical dosage forms?

    <p>To provide a local effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of an ointment?

    <p>It is a homogeneous, greasy, semi-solid preparation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a cream and a lotion?

    <p>A cream is less sticky than a lotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a suppository used for?

    <p>To treat conditions such as constipation, fever, and hemorrhoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of a capsule over a tablet?

    <p>A capsule is easier to swallow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a syrup?

    <p>It is a concentrated solution of sugar, containing the active ingredient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using an inhaler in treating asthma/COPD?

    <p>To deliver the medicine directly to the airways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a metered dose inhaler (MDI) and a dry powder inhaler (DPI)?

    <p>Method of medicine delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a spacer in using an inhaler?

    <p>To hold the medicine in place for easier inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nebulizer used for?

    <p>To turn liquid medicine into a fine mist for inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using a suppository?

    <p>It dissolves at body temperature to release the drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between an ointment and a lotion?

    <p>One is thicker and more emollient, the other is thinner and more watery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a metered dose inhaler (MDI)?

    <p>To deliver medicine in a mist or spray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using inhaled dosage forms?

    <p>They deliver medicine directly to the airways, allowing for faster and more effective relief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for injecting drugs?

    <p>To provide a rapid action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of parenteral dosage form?

    <p>Capsules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of parenteral preparations based on the volume of the fill?

    <p>Small volume parenteral (SVP) and Large-volume parenteral (LVP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of intravenous route of administration?

    <p>It is the fastest way of drug delivery to the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the term 'subcutaneous'?

    <p>Under the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using intramuscular injections?

    <p>For rapid absorption of the medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of intradermal injections?

    <p>Injected into the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of implants as a parenteral dosage form?

    <p>To release the drug over a prolonged period of time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using single dose units of parenteral preparations?

    <p>They reduce the risk of contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using intra-arterial injections?

    <p>To target a specific organ or tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Inhalation Devices

    • To use an inhalation device:
      • Press the device while breathing in slowly
      • Continue to breathe in slowly and deeply
      • Hold your breath for up to 10 seconds
      • Breathe out slowly

    Types of Inhalation Devices

    • Nebulizers
    • DPIs (Dry Powder Inhalers)
      • Handihaler (Pre-metered Single Dose Unit)
      • Twisthaler (Drug Reservoir)
      • Diskus (Pre-metered Multiple Dose Unit)
      • Rotadisc

    Available Medications in Lebanese Market

    • Flixotide: Fluticasone (50, 125, 250) - 1 inhalation bid
    • Flutiform: Formoterol + Fluticasone (5/50, 5/125, 10/250) - 1 inhalation bid
    • Fludalt Duo: Salmeterol + Fluticasone (50/100, 50/250) - 1 inhalation bid
    • Pulmicort: Budesonide (200) - 1 inhalation bid
    • Seretide: Salmeterol + Fluticasone (50/250, 50/500) - 1-2 inhalations bid
    • Seroflo: Salmeterol + Fluticasone (25/120, 25/250, 25/500) - 1-2 inhalations bid
    • Symbicort: Formoterol + Budesonide (4.5/160, 9/320) - 1 inhalation bid
    • Zephirus: Salmeterol + Budesonide (20/120, 20/240) - 2 inhalations bid
    • Relvar: Vilanterol + Fluticasone (25/100, 25/200) - 2 inhalations bid

    Parenteral Dosage Forms

    • Injected through the skin or other external boundary tissue, or implanted within the body
    • Allow direct administration of drug into blood vessels, organs, tissues, or lesions

    Pharmacy Practice

    • Dosage Form is the physical form or vehicle by which drug molecules are delivered to sites of action within the body to get therapeutic value
    • Composed of:
      • Active Ingredient(s)
      • Inactive ingredients (excipients)

    Solid Dosage Forms

    • Capsule:
      • Contain dry, powdered ingredients
      • Break after swallowing, releasing the drug
      • Available in 2 main types: hard-shelled capsules, soft-shelled capsules
    • Caplet:
      • Smooth, coated, oval-shaped medicinal tablet
      • Alternative to regular big-size tablets
      • Easy to swallow

    Liquid Dosage Forms

    • Solution:
      • Drug is dissolved in water
      • Homogenous liquid with clear appearance
    • Emulsion:
      • Mixture of ≥ 2 immiscible/unblendable liquids
      • Heterogeneous fluid containing solid particles that are sufficiently large for sedimentation
      • Shake well before use
    • Suspension:
      • Heterogeneous fluid containing solid particles that are sufficiently large for sedimentation
      • Shake well before use
    • Elixir:
      • Solution of drug in a sweetened mixture of water and alcohol
      • Highly flavored
    • Syrup:
      • Concentrated solution of sugar, containing the active ingredient
      • Flavoring and stabilizing agents are usually added

    Topical Dosage Forms

    • Applied on skin or other surface tissues
    • Provide local effect or systemic effect
    • Types:
      • Cream
      • Ointment
      • Gel
      • Lotion
      • Suppository

    Inhaled Dosage Forms

    • Most Asthma/COPD medicines are inhaled so they go straight to the airways
    • Delivery devices:
      • Metered dose inhalers (MDI)
      • Dry powder inhalers (DPI)
      • Nebulizers

    Parenteral Dosage Forms

    • Reasons for injecting drugs:
      • Need of a rapid action
      • Patient cannot tolerate oral dosage form
      • Drug destroyed by stomach acid or liver enzymes
      • Drug cannot pass through the GI wall into bloodstream
    • Routes of parenteral administration:
      • Intravenous injections and infusions
      • Subcutaneous injections
      • Intramuscular injections
      • Intradermal injections
      • Intra-arterial injections
      • Intra-cardiac injections
      • Intra-spinal injections
      • Intra-articular injections

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    Learn about the steps to use inhalation devices and the different types of devices such as nebulizers, DPIs, and more.

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