Infratemporal Fossa and Temporomandibular Joint Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which muscle is deep to the masseter muscle and the underlying ramus of the mandible?

Temporalis muscle

Masseter muscle

Pterygoid muscle (correct)

Orbicularis oris muscle

Which space communicates with the infratemporal fossa through the space between the skull and the zygomatic arch?

Zygomatic fossa

Masseteric fossa

Pterygopalatine fossa

Temporal fossa (correct)

Which nerve does not pass through the infratemporal fossa?

Chorda tympani (part of Facial nerve)

Mandibular division of Trigeminal nerve

Olfactory nerve (correct)

Maxillary nerve

Which vessels are part of the major venous anastomoses of the head?

Cavernous sinus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nervus intermedius?

Convey taste sensation to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue Signup and view all the answers

Where does the chorda tympani nerve join with the lingual branch of V3?

In the infratemporal fossa Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve carries taste fibers from the chorda tympani to the tongue?

Lingual nerve Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?

Hinge/ Gliding joint Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament runs from the spine of the sphenoid bone to the lingula on the medial side of the ramus of the mandible?

Sphenomandibular ligament Signup and view all the answers

During which action can temporomandibular joint dislocation occur?

Opening and closing mouth Signup and view all the answers

What typically causes temporomandibular joint dislocation?

Natural movement Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the mandible when it is dislocated?

It becomes immobile and fixed in place Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is most accurate about how reduction of temporomandibular joint dislocation accomplished?

By manually depressing the angle of the mandible and then elevating the chin and pressing it posteriorly Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sphenomandibular ligament in relation to temporomandibular joint?

Prevent anterior dislocation of mandible Signup and view all the answers

Where does the temporomandibular joint articulate with the temporal bone?

Mandibular fossa and articular eminence Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve carries parasympathetic fibers from otic ganglion to parotid gland?

Facial nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for elevating and retracting the mandible, as well as clenching the teeth?

Temporalis Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the sensory root of the mandibular nerve?

Trigeminal ganglion Signup and view all the answers

Which artery passes through the pterygomaxillary fissure into the pterygopalatine fossa?

Maxillary Artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a movement of the Masseter muscle?

Clenching the mandible Signup and view all the answers

Where is the lateral pterygoid muscle situated?

Laterally, on the greater wing of the sphenoid bone Signup and view all the answers

What are the boundaries of the Infratemporal Fossa?

Superior (greater wing of sphenoid), inferior (medial pterygoid muscle), lateral (medial surface of ramus of mandible), medial (lateral pterygoid plate), anterior (infratemporal surface of maxilla), posterior (condyloid process of mandible and styloid process of temporal bone) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Medial Pterygoid muscle?

Elevating and performing side-to-side movements of the mandible Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the temporal region and anterior ear?

Auriculotemporal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the location where the Maxillary Artery enters the pterygopalatine fossa?

Pterygomaxillary fissure Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve innervates the Lateral Pterygoid muscle?

Mandibular nerve via lateral pterygoid nerve Signup and view all the answers

What are the 4 muscles of mastication?

<ol> <li>Masseter 2)Temporalis</li> <li>Medial pterygoid</li> <li>Lateral pterygoid</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

A chewing or grinding motion occurs when the movements at the temporomandibular joint on one side are coordinated with a reciprocal set of movements at the joint on the other side.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a content of the infratemporal fossa?

Masseter muscle Signup and view all the answers

Match each muscle of mastication to its function

Temporalis Muscle = -Elevation and retraction of mandible, clenches the teeth Masseter Muscle = -Elevation of mandible, clenches the teeth, protracts the mandible Lateral Pterygoid = -Protrusion and side-to side movements of the mandible; depresses mandible Medial Pterygoid = -Elevation and side-to side movements of the mandible Signup and view all the answers

Match each muscle of mastication to its Origin/Insertion

Temporalis Muscle = O: Temporal fossa; I: Coronoid process of the mandible Masseter Muscle = O: Zygomatic arch; I: Angle and lateral surface of the mandibular ramus Lateral Pterygoid = O: Greater wing of sphenoid bone & lateral pterygoid plate: I: Neck of the condylar process of mandible Medial Pterygoid = O: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate; I: Medial surface of the ramus and angle of mandible Signup and view all the answers

Match each muscle of mastication to its innervation

Temporalis Muscle = Mandibular nerve [V3] via deep temporal n. Masseter Muscle = Mandibular nerve [V3] via masseteric n. Lateral Pterygoid = Mandibular nerve [V3] via lateral pterygoid n. Medial Pterygoid = Mandibular nerve [V3] via medial pterygoid n. Signup and view all the answers

The maxillary artery and the superficial temporal artery are terminal branches of?

External carotid artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is included in the first part of the maxillary artery?

Middle Meningeal artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not in the second part of the maxillary artery?

Inferior alveolar artery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is included in the third part of the maxillary artery?

Infraorbital artery Signup and view all the answers

What does the Pterygoid plexus drain into?

Maxillary Vein Signup and view all the answers

Where does the motor root of the mandibular nerve arise from?

Brain Stem Signup and view all the answers

The branches of the anterior/posterior divisions of the mandibular nerve are the meningeal branch and the nerve to the lateral pterygoid muscle

False Signup and view all the answers

Match each nerve to its division

Anterior (largely motor) = Masseteric nerve Posterior (largely sensory) = Auriculotemporal nerve Anterior (Largely motor) = Deep Temporal nerve Posterior (Largely sensory) = Lingual nerve Signup and view all the answers

Match each branch of the anterior division with what it supplies

Masseteric nerve = Supplies masseter Deep temporal nerve = Supplies temporalis m. Nerve to lateral pterygoid m = Supplies lateral pterygoid m. Buccal nerve = Exclusively sensory supplying the skin and mucous membrane of the cheek (not to be confused with buccal from facial nerve which is purely motor) Signup and view all the answers

Match each branch of the Posterior Division of the Mandibular nerve to what it supplies

Auriculotemporal nerve = Supplies sensory innervation to skin of the temporal region and anterior ear (also carries postgang. Parasympathetic fibers from the otic ganglion to the parotid gland) Lingual nerve = General sensation to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue Inferior alveolar nerve: = Enters the mandibular foramen posterior to the lingual, leaves via mental foramen to supply skin of the chin N/A = N/A Signup and view all the answers

Match each ligament of the Temporomandibular Joint with its description

Lateral ligament = Closest to the joint, just lateral to the capsule, and runs diagonally backward from the margin of the articular tubercle to the neck of the mandible Sphenomandibular ligament = Medial to the temporomandibular joint, runs from the spine of the sphenoid bone at the base of the skull to the lingula on the medial side of the ramus of the mandible Stylomandibular ligament = Passes from the styloid process of the temporal bone to the posterior margin and angle of the mandible N/A = N/A Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Four muscles of mastication develop from the 1st pharyngeal arch and are innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve: Masseter, Temporalis, Medial pterygoid, and Lateral pterygoid.
Movements of the mandible at the temporomandibular joint include depression, elevation, protrusion, and retraction, with coordinated movements on each side for chewing and grinding.
The Infratemporal Fossa has the following boundaries: superior (greater wing of sphenoid), inferior (medial pterygoid muscle), lateral (medial surface of ramus of mandible), medial (lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone), anterior (infratemporal surface of maxilla), and posterior (condyloid process of mandible and styloid process of temporal bone).
The Infratemporal Fossa contains the inferior portion of the temporalis muscle, lateral and medial pterygoid muscles, mandibular division of CNV and its branches, maxillary nerve (a small part), and chorda tympani nerve (a part of the facial nerve).
The Maxillary Artery is one of the two terminal branches of the External Carotid Artery and passes through the infratemporal fossa after originating from the external carotid artery. It then enters the pterygopalatine fossa through the pterygomaxillary fissure.
The Temporalis muscle is a large fan-shaped muscle that fills the temporal fossa and inserts on the coronoid process of the mandible, elevating and retracting the mandible and clenching the teeth (innervated by mandibular nerve via deep temporal nerve).
The Masseter muscle is also innervated by mandibular nerve (via masseteric nerve), elevating the mandible, clenching the teeth, and protracting the mandible.
The Lateral pterygoid muscle is more superficially situated laterally, found on the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the lateral pterygoid plate. It has two divisions: one originates from the lateral pterygoid plate and protrudes and performs side-to-side movements of the mandible, while the other originates from the neck of the mandibular condyle and depresses the mandible (innervated by mandibular nerve via lateral pterygoid nerve).
The Medial pterygoid muscle is located medially and has two origins: one on the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate and the other on the medial surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible. It elevates and performs side-to-side movements of the mandible (innervated by mandibular nerve via medial pterygoid nerve).
The Maxillary Artery is divided into three parts: first part (deep to ramus of mandible), second part (either superficial or deep to the Lateral Pterygoid muscle), and third part (passes through the pterygomaxillary fissure into the pterygopalatine fossa).
The pterygoid plexus of veins is found between the two pterygoid muscles and has various branches that correspond to the branches of the maxillary artery. It receives drainage from the paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, and structures of the infratemporal fossa, and communicates with the cavernous sinus and facial vein.
The mandibular nerve, the third division of the trigeminal nerve, is composed of a sensory root and a motor root, and the sensory root arises from the trigeminal ganglion, while the motor root arises from the brainstem (i.e., pons). The two roots exit the cranial cavity via the foramen ovale and enter the infratemporal fossa, where they divide into an anterior division and a posterior division.
The anterior division of the mandibular nerve (largely motor) includes Masseteric nerve, Deep temporal nerve, and Nerve to lateral pterygoid muscle.
The posterior division of the mandibular nerve (largely sensory) includes the Auriculotemporal nerve, which supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the temporal region and anterior ear, and other branches.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the boundaries, contents, and related structures of the infratemporal fossa and the temporomandibular joint. Questions cover topics such as muscles of mastication, mandibular nerve, TMJ dislocation, and major venous anatomy.