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Questions and Answers
Which muscle is deep to the masseter muscle and the underlying ramus of the mandible?
Which muscle is deep to the masseter muscle and the underlying ramus of the mandible?
- Temporalis muscle
- Masseter muscle
- Pterygoid muscle (correct)
- Orbicularis oris muscle
Which space communicates with the infratemporal fossa through the space between the skull and the zygomatic arch?
Which space communicates with the infratemporal fossa through the space between the skull and the zygomatic arch?
- Zygomatic fossa
- Masseteric fossa
- Pterygopalatine fossa
- Temporal fossa (correct)
Which nerve does not pass through the infratemporal fossa?
Which nerve does not pass through the infratemporal fossa?
- Chorda tympani (part of Facial nerve)
- Mandibular division of Trigeminal nerve
- Olfactory nerve (correct)
- Maxillary nerve
Which vessels are part of the major venous anastomoses of the head?
Which vessels are part of the major venous anastomoses of the head?
What is the function of the nervus intermedius?
What is the function of the nervus intermedius?
Where does the chorda tympani nerve join with the lingual branch of V3?
Where does the chorda tympani nerve join with the lingual branch of V3?
Which nerve carries taste fibers from the chorda tympani to the tongue?
Which nerve carries taste fibers from the chorda tympani to the tongue?
What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?
What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint?
Which ligament runs from the spine of the sphenoid bone to the lingula on the medial side of the ramus of the mandible?
Which ligament runs from the spine of the sphenoid bone to the lingula on the medial side of the ramus of the mandible?
During which action can temporomandibular joint dislocation occur?
During which action can temporomandibular joint dislocation occur?
What typically causes temporomandibular joint dislocation?
What typically causes temporomandibular joint dislocation?
What happens to the mandible when it is dislocated?
What happens to the mandible when it is dislocated?
Which statement is most accurate about how reduction of temporomandibular joint dislocation accomplished?
Which statement is most accurate about how reduction of temporomandibular joint dislocation accomplished?
What is the function of sphenomandibular ligament in relation to temporomandibular joint?
What is the function of sphenomandibular ligament in relation to temporomandibular joint?
Where does the temporomandibular joint articulate with the temporal bone?
Where does the temporomandibular joint articulate with the temporal bone?
Which nerve carries parasympathetic fibers from otic ganglion to parotid gland?
Which nerve carries parasympathetic fibers from otic ganglion to parotid gland?
Which muscle is responsible for elevating and retracting the mandible, as well as clenching the teeth?
Which muscle is responsible for elevating and retracting the mandible, as well as clenching the teeth?
What is the origin of the sensory root of the mandibular nerve?
What is the origin of the sensory root of the mandibular nerve?
Which artery passes through the pterygomaxillary fissure into the pterygopalatine fossa?
Which artery passes through the pterygomaxillary fissure into the pterygopalatine fossa?
Which of the following is not a movement of the Masseter muscle?
Which of the following is not a movement of the Masseter muscle?
Where is the lateral pterygoid muscle situated?
Where is the lateral pterygoid muscle situated?
What are the boundaries of the Infratemporal Fossa?
What are the boundaries of the Infratemporal Fossa?
What is the main function of the Medial Pterygoid muscle?
What is the main function of the Medial Pterygoid muscle?
Which nerve supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the temporal region and anterior ear?
Which nerve supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the temporal region and anterior ear?
What is the location where the Maxillary Artery enters the pterygopalatine fossa?
What is the location where the Maxillary Artery enters the pterygopalatine fossa?
Which nerve innervates the Lateral Pterygoid muscle?
Which nerve innervates the Lateral Pterygoid muscle?
What are the 4 muscles of mastication?
What are the 4 muscles of mastication?
A chewing or grinding motion occurs when the movements at the temporomandibular joint on one side are coordinated with a reciprocal set of movements at the joint on the other side.
A chewing or grinding motion occurs when the movements at the temporomandibular joint on one side are coordinated with a reciprocal set of movements at the joint on the other side.
Which of the following is not a content of the infratemporal fossa?
Which of the following is not a content of the infratemporal fossa?
Match each muscle of mastication to its function
Match each muscle of mastication to its function
Match each muscle of mastication to its Origin/Insertion
Match each muscle of mastication to its Origin/Insertion
Match each muscle of mastication to its innervation
Match each muscle of mastication to its innervation
The maxillary artery and the superficial temporal artery are terminal branches of?
The maxillary artery and the superficial temporal artery are terminal branches of?
Which of the following is included in the first part of the maxillary artery?
Which of the following is included in the first part of the maxillary artery?
Which of the following is not in the second part of the maxillary artery?
Which of the following is not in the second part of the maxillary artery?
Which of the following is included in the third part of the maxillary artery?
Which of the following is included in the third part of the maxillary artery?
What does the Pterygoid plexus drain into?
What does the Pterygoid plexus drain into?
Where does the motor root of the mandibular nerve arise from?
Where does the motor root of the mandibular nerve arise from?
The branches of the anterior/posterior divisions of the mandibular nerve are the meningeal branch and the nerve to the lateral pterygoid muscle
The branches of the anterior/posterior divisions of the mandibular nerve are the meningeal branch and the nerve to the lateral pterygoid muscle
Match each nerve to its division
Match each nerve to its division
Match each branch of the anterior division with what it supplies
Match each branch of the anterior division with what it supplies
Match each branch of the Posterior Division of the Mandibular nerve to what it supplies
Match each branch of the Posterior Division of the Mandibular nerve to what it supplies
Match each ligament of the Temporomandibular Joint with its description
Match each ligament of the Temporomandibular Joint with its description
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Study Notes
- Four muscles of mastication develop from the 1st pharyngeal arch and are innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve: Masseter, Temporalis, Medial pterygoid, and Lateral pterygoid.
- Movements of the mandible at the temporomandibular joint include depression, elevation, protrusion, and retraction, with coordinated movements on each side for chewing and grinding.
- The Infratemporal Fossa has the following boundaries: superior (greater wing of sphenoid), inferior (medial pterygoid muscle), lateral (medial surface of ramus of mandible), medial (lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone), anterior (infratemporal surface of maxilla), and posterior (condyloid process of mandible and styloid process of temporal bone).
- The Infratemporal Fossa contains the inferior portion of the temporalis muscle, lateral and medial pterygoid muscles, mandibular division of CNV and its branches, maxillary nerve (a small part), and chorda tympani nerve (a part of the facial nerve).
- The Maxillary Artery is one of the two terminal branches of the External Carotid Artery and passes through the infratemporal fossa after originating from the external carotid artery. It then enters the pterygopalatine fossa through the pterygomaxillary fissure.
- The Temporalis muscle is a large fan-shaped muscle that fills the temporal fossa and inserts on the coronoid process of the mandible, elevating and retracting the mandible and clenching the teeth (innervated by mandibular nerve via deep temporal nerve).
- The Masseter muscle is also innervated by mandibular nerve (via masseteric nerve), elevating the mandible, clenching the teeth, and protracting the mandible.
- The Lateral pterygoid muscle is more superficially situated laterally, found on the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the lateral pterygoid plate. It has two divisions: one originates from the lateral pterygoid plate and protrudes and performs side-to-side movements of the mandible, while the other originates from the neck of the mandibular condyle and depresses the mandible (innervated by mandibular nerve via lateral pterygoid nerve).
- The Medial pterygoid muscle is located medially and has two origins: one on the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate and the other on the medial surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible. It elevates and performs side-to-side movements of the mandible (innervated by mandibular nerve via medial pterygoid nerve).
- The Maxillary Artery is divided into three parts: first part (deep to ramus of mandible), second part (either superficial or deep to the Lateral Pterygoid muscle), and third part (passes through the pterygomaxillary fissure into the pterygopalatine fossa).
- The pterygoid plexus of veins is found between the two pterygoid muscles and has various branches that correspond to the branches of the maxillary artery. It receives drainage from the paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, and structures of the infratemporal fossa, and communicates with the cavernous sinus and facial vein.
- The mandibular nerve, the third division of the trigeminal nerve, is composed of a sensory root and a motor root, and the sensory root arises from the trigeminal ganglion, while the motor root arises from the brainstem (i.e., pons). The two roots exit the cranial cavity via the foramen ovale and enter the infratemporal fossa, where they divide into an anterior division and a posterior division.
- The anterior division of the mandibular nerve (largely motor) includes Masseteric nerve, Deep temporal nerve, and Nerve to lateral pterygoid muscle.
- The posterior division of the mandibular nerve (largely sensory) includes the Auriculotemporal nerve, which supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the temporal region and anterior ear, and other branches.
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