Information Technology Overview

Information and Communications Technology (ICT)

• Refers to technologies supporting gathering, processing, storing and presenting data.
• Includes collaborative and communicative activities.

Information Technology (IT)

• Refers to the industry involving computers, software, networking and IT infrastructure for managing information.

Input Device

• Any hardware component allowing data or instructions to be entered into a computer.

Intelligent System

• A complex machine with learning capabilities.

Laptop Computer

• A battery-powered computer, more portable than a desktop, allowing use in various locations.

Libel

• The publication of false statements damaging an individual's business or reputation.

Mainframe

• A powerful multi-user computer supporting hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously.

Media

• Communication devices used in interaction and communication.

Minicomputer

• A multi-user computer supporting 10 to hundreds of users simultaneously.

Modem

• Enables computer data transmission over telephone or cable lines.

Motherboard

• Circuitry of the system unit, often part of, associated with, or linked to a circuit board.

Output Device

• Any hardware component transmitting information to individuals.

Personal Computer

• A small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor.

Plagiarism

• Using someone's intellectual property, such as ideas and writings, and claiming it as one's own.

Port

• An endpoint of communication in an operating system.

Smartphone

• A mobile phone with computer functions, featuring a touchscreen interface, internet access, and an operating system for downloadable applications.

Software Piracy

• Installing a copy of software without permission, or producing a copy disregarding copyright.

Storage

• Holds data, instructions, and information for future use.

Supercomputer

• An extremely fast computer performing millions of instructions per second.

System Unit

• A case containing the computer's electronic components for data processing.

Technology

• Facilitates easier and faster communication through telephones, computers, and mobile devices.

Trend

• A particular fashion, device, or entertainment style subject to change.

USB Flash Drive

• A portable storage device offering greater storage capacity than floppy or Zip disks.

User

• Anyone communicating and interacting with a computer or using its generated information.

Workstation

• Similar to a personal computer, but with a more powerful microprocessor and higher-quality monitor.

Big Data

• Large and complex volumes of data which can analyzed for insights to guide decision-making and strategy.

Physical-Digital Integrations

• System automation involving identifying physical elements and creating digital data for efficient operation and backup.

Everything on Demand

• Network connectivity allows access to information, music, movies, and services, such as drivers, through mobile phone applications.

Positive Effects of ICT

• Improved access to education
  • Learning management systems (LMS) implement educational enhancements such as distance learning, online tutorials, virtual reality, and interactive multimedia.
• Access to information and communication
  • The internet enables communication and is accessible in commercial establishments and public spaces.
  • ICT tools such as VoIP phone, instant messaging, video chat, and email are widely used for leisure, entertainment, and global connections.
• Security
  • Encryption methods, passwords, and biometric security systems protect personal information and data integrity.

Negative Effects of ICT

• Reduced personal interactions and physical activity
  • People are less likely to interact in person due to virtual communication.
  • The convenience of working from home and online entertainment lead to reduced physical activity, potentially causing health issues like obesity and heart disease.
• Job loss or increase in unemployment
  • Jobs can be replaced by automation, leading to layoffs and smaller workforces.
  • Shipping and freight services may increase operating costs due to automation.
• Security
  • Data must be kept secure and safeguarded from attacks such as data modification, identity spoofing, password-based attacks, denial-of-service, and malware.

Ethical Issues in ICT

• Plagiarism
  • Copied ideas, words, or writings without acknowledging the original source.
• Exploitation
  • Dishonest and unethical treatment to take advantage of someone's work or resources.
• Libel
  • Insulting, defamatory, or slanderous statements, especially if false and without evidence.
• Software Piracy
  • Installing or copying software without an end-user licensing agreement (EULA) and/or disregarding copyright.

This quiz covers essential concepts in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and Information Technology (IT). Explore various topics such as input devices, intelligent systems, and types of computers. Test your knowledge on the impact of technology in gathering, processing, and presenting data.