Information Systems Overview

Information Systems

• Information systems consist of interrelated components for collecting, processing, storing, and disseminating data and information.
• Information systems provide a feedback mechanism to monitor and control operations so goals and objectives are met.

Computer-Based Information System (CBIS) Components

• Hardware
• Software
• Communications networks
• Databases
• People
• Procedures

Computer Hardware Technologies

• Dell Inspiron desktop computer
• Sony LCD Flat Panel Monitor
• Dell PowerEdge 2600 File Server
• iPhone
• USB Barcode Scanner
• RFID Chip
• WiFi access point
• Network cables

Computer Software Technology

• Windows 10
• Graphics Card Driver Software
• PowerPoint
• SQL Server database management system
• CRM software
• SCM platform
• Sage Accounting
• E-commerce website

Telecommunications Network Technologies

• Ethernet
• Netgear Wireless Router
• Cable Modem
• Cell Phone
• WiFi, WiMax card
• Bluetooth device

Data Resource Management Technologies

• IBM DB2 8.2
• Microsoft SQL Server 2000
• Oracle Database 10g
• MySQL
• Data Mining Software
• MS Access

People Technology: An IS Component

• End users
• Data entry personnel
• Managers
• Programmers
• Database administrators
• Cashiers
• Secretaries
• Professors

IS Related Procedures

• Processes for data collecting
• Processes for data access
• Processes related to data management
• Processes related to data storage and destruction

Information Systems Roles

• Information systems can support three different levels in business:
  • Support strategies for competitive advantage
  • Support business decision making
  • Support business processes and operations

Expanding Role of IS

• Information Systems are being used in more areas, especially at the strategic level.
• IS expands the participation of end users.
• Information flows up the pyramid faster and more effectively.

Types of Information Systems

• Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
• Process Control Systems (PCS)
• Enterprise Collaboration Systems (ECS)
• Management Information Systems (MIS)
• Decision Support Systems (DSS)
• Executive Information Systems (EIS)

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

• Supports operations and updates operational databases.
• ATM machines handle banking transactions.
• Cash register systems handle point of sale transactions.
• Accounting systems handle checking account transactions.
• Pay-per-view or OnDemand is a TPS.

Process Control Systems (PCS)

• Supports operations and monitors/controls industrial/manufacturing processes.
• Used in petroleum refining, power generation, and automobile manufacturing.

Enterprise Collaboration Systems (ECS)

• Supports operations, teamwork, communication, and collaboration.
• E-mail
• Chat
• Video Conferencing
• Calendaring
• Journaling
• Workflow
• File Sharing (Google drive, Morpheus, Limework)

Management Information System (MIS)

• Supports management analysis and reporting.
• Charts, graphs, and summary tools are used.
• Moodle is used for managing college information.
• Spreadsheets (like Excel) are one of the first and most basic.
• Oracle's Corporate Performance Management is another example.

Decision Support System (DSS)

• Supports management through what-if analysis, decision modeling, and scenario building.
• Highly interactive and ad hoc.
• Enterprise Decision Manager 2.0 and AIMMS 3.6 are examples.
• Most DSS's are custom developed for specific companies.

Executive Information Systems (EIS)

• Supports high-level strategic management.
• EIS provides critical information from other systems (MIS and DSS).
• Portal concept provides one place with links to all information.
• EIS's integrate external information such as economic developments and news about related markets and competitors.
• Strategic decision making is aided.
• Tactical involves doing things the right way right (short term).
• Strategic involves doing the right things (long term).