Information Systems and Analyst Roles
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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of open source software?

  • It can be freely distributed, shared, and modified. (correct)
  • The code is proprietary and hidden.
  • It requires extensive licenses for use.
  • It is always paid software.

Why is systems analysis and design important?

  • It ensures user satisfaction and system use. (correct)
  • It eliminates the need for user feedback.
  • It allows for unlimited software installations.
  • It advocates for a single software solution.

Which of the following roles does a systems analyst fulfill?

  • A consultant, supporting expert, and agent of change. (correct)
  • An agent of finance.
  • Only a programmer.
  • A sole decision-maker in IT.

What does the 'agent of change' role involve for a systems analyst?

<p>Developing and facilitating a plan for change. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these qualities is NOT typically associated with a systems analyst?

<p>Lack of technical knowledge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about open source software is true?

<p>It can be modified by anyone. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can improper system installation lead to?

<p>System disuse and dissatisfaction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to technical skills, what essential skill must a systems analyst possess?

<p>Understanding user information requirements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary reason for enhancing existing software?

<p>Users request additional features (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of CASE tools are responsible for generating programs from a design?

<p>Lower CASE tools (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using CASE tools in systems analysis?

<p>They improve analyst-user communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Integrated CASE tools do?

<p>Perform both upper and lower CASE functions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Object-Oriented Systems Analysis differ from traditional SDLC?

<p>It allows analysis of smaller parts of the system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Upper CASE tools?

<p>They create and modify system design (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a goal of using CASE tools during the systems development life cycle?

<p>To integrate life cycle activities effectively (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option describes a situation where a systems study becomes feasible?

<p>Business changes over time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a systems analyst?

<p>To recommend, design, and maintain various computer-based systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following systems is NOT typically associated with a systems analyst's responsibilities?

<p>Human Resource Management Systems (HRMS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the management of computer-generated information from manually produced data?

<p>Computer-generated information requires different management strategies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of an organization does a systems analyst typically provide higher-level decision support?

<p>Strategic Level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool assists systems analysts in managing the development lifecycle?

<p>CASE tools (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the dynamic interaction of users with new technologies signify for a system?

<p>It changes the system's requirements and operations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of system is designed to support collaborative decision-making?

<p>Computer-Supported Collaborative Work Systems (CSCWS) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which methodology is commonly explored by systems analysts aside from the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

<p>Object-oriented systems design (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the systems development life cycle (SDLC)?

<p>To outline a phased approach to solving business problems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is part of identifying problems and opportunities within a project?

<p>Interviewing user management (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does incorporating Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) principles typically assess?

<p>User needs including usability and behavioral aspects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity involves learning the details of the current system in order to improve usability?

<p>Prototyping and observing decision makers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an output of the feasibility report when identifying problems and objectives?

<p>A problem definition and objective summary for management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the nature of a self-disciplined and self-motivated analyst?

<p>They can independently coordinate resources and teams (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of factors are considered when adopting HCI principles?

<p>Physical, usability, aesthetic, and behavioral factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What essential component of the project is often determined through interviewing users?

<p>Human information requirements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main output of the activity that involves designing procedures for data entry and the human-computer interface?

<p>Model of the actual system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the system analyst work with users to develop effective documentation?

<p>Developing and Documenting Software (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is NOT part of the testing and maintaining phase?

<p>Training users (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the two main reasons for performing system maintenance?

<p>Removing software errors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected output after training users about a new system?

<p>Trained personnel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity involves creating data flow diagrams and completing the data dictionary?

<p>Analyzing System Needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential issue is highlighted regarding maintenance costs over time?

<p>Maintenance costs may exceed the cost of creating a new system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an output of the analysis phase?

<p>Recommendation on system actions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Importance of Information

Information is a crucial asset that drives businesses and can significantly impact their success or failure.

Computer vs. Manual Information

Managing computer-generated data is distinct from dealing with manually created information due to factors like volume, accuracy, and structure.

Systems Analyst Role

Systems analysts are professionals who recommend, design, and maintain various types of systems for users.

Analyst Levels

Systems analysts can work at different organizational levels, including strategic, knowledge, and operational.

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Analyst Roles

Systems analysts can act as consultants (external perspective), supporting experts (internal knowledge), or agents of change (driving improvements).

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TPS Definition

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) manage daily operations, such as processing orders and payroll.

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OAS Definition

Office Automation Systems (OAS) improve office productivity by providing tools like word processors and email.

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KWS Definition

Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) support professionals in tasks requiring expertise, like modeling and simulation.

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MIS Definition

Management Information Systems (MIS) provide summarized information for managerial decision-making.

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DSS Definition

Decision Support Systems (DSS) assist in complex decision-making by analyzing data and generating insights.

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ES Definition

Expert Systems (ES) provide advice for specific domains by mimicking human reasoning, acting like a virtual expert.

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ESS Definition

Executive Support Systems (ESS) offer high-level summaries and trend analysis for executives.

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GDSS Definition

Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS) facilitate collaboration and decision-making within groups.

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CSCWS Definition

Computer-Supported Collaborative Work Systems (CSCWS) enable teams to work together remotely.

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SDLC Definition

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a phased approach to solving business problems using a specific cycle of analyst and user activities.

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SDLC Phase 1

The first phase of the SDLC involves identifying the problem, opportunities, and objectives of the system.

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SDLC Phase 2

The second phase of the SDLC involves understanding the information needs of the people who will use the system.

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SDLC Phase 3

The third phase of the SDLC involves analyzing the system's needs, considering various aspects like data and processes.

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SDLC Phase 4

The fourth phase of the SDLC involves designing the recommended system, outlining its specifications and functionality.

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SDLC Phase 5

The fifth phase of the SDLC involves developing and documenting the software that will power the system.

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SDLC Phase 6

The sixth phase of the SDLC involves testing the system thoroughly to identify and address errors.

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SDLC Phase 7

The seventh phase of the SDLC involves deploying and evaluating the system, ensuring it aligns with user needs and business objectives.

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System Enhancements

Systems can be enhanced to add new features, adapt to changes in business requirements, or accommodate new hardware and software.

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CASE Tools

CASE tools are productivity tools for systems analysts, automating routine tasks and improving efficiency.

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Upper CASE Definition

Upper CASE tools perform analysis and design tasks, focusing on modeling, defining system boundaries, and prototyping screens and reports.

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Lower CASE Definition

Lower CASE tools generate programs from CASE designs, often in multiple programming languages.

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Integrated CASE Definition

Integrated CASE tools perform both upper and lower CASE functions, providing a comprehensive development environment.

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Object-Oriented Approach

Object-oriented Systems Analysis and Design focuses on objects and their interactions, allowing for rapid changes in dynamic environments.

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Open Source Software

Open source software is free to distribute, share, and modify, contrasting with proprietary code that is hidden from users.

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Importance of System Design

Proper planning and design are essential for creating systems that meet user needs and avoid becoming irrelevant or unused.

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Analyst Qualities

Analyst qualities include problem-solving skills, strong communication abilities, ethical behavior, and self-motivation.

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HCI Definition

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) principles focus on user needs, including ergonomics, usability, aesthetics, and behavioral aspects.

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Study Notes

Information Systems

  • Information is a key resource that fuels businesses and can determine their success or failure.
  • Managing computer-generated information differs from handling manually produced data.

Systems Analyst Roles

  • Systems analysts recommend, design, and maintain various types of systems for users.
  • The systems analyst may be involved at each organizational level (strategic, knowledge, operational).
  • Systems analysts can be consultants (outside perspective), supporting experts (internal expertise), or agents of change (facilitating change).

System Types

  • Transaction Processing Systems (TPS): Manage day-to-day operations, such as order processing and payroll.
  • Office Automation Systems (OAS): Improve office productivity with tools like word processors and email.
  • Knowledge Work Systems (KWS): Support professionals in tasks requiring expertise, like modeling and simulation.
  • Management Information Systems (MIS): Provide information summaries for managerial decision-making.
  • Decision Support Systems (DSS): Aid in complex decision-making by analyzing data and generating insights.
  • Expert Systems (ES): Provide expert advice for specific domains by mimicking human reasoning.
  • Executive Support Systems (ESS): Offer high-level summaries and trends for executives.
  • Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS): Facilitate collaboration in group decision-making environments.
  • Computer-Supported Collaborative Work Systems (CSCWS): Enable teams to work together remotely.

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

  • The SDLC is a phased approach to solving business problems using a specific cycle of analyst and user activities.
  • It is broken into seven phases:
    • Identifying Problems, Opportunities, and Objectives
    • Determining Human Information Requirements
    • Analyzing System Needs
    • Designing the Recommended System
    • Developing and Documenting Software
    • Testing and Maintaining the System
    • Implementing and Evaluating the System

System Enhancements

  • Systems can be enhanced to add new features, respond to business changes, or accommodate changes in hardware and software.

Case Tools for Systems Analysts

  • CASE tools are productivity tools for systems analysts to improve routine work through automated support.
  • They can improve analyst productivity, improve communication between analysts and users, integrate life cycle activities, and help assess maintenance changes.

Case Tool Classifications

  • Upper CASE tools perform analysis and design tasks. They help with modeling, defining system boundaries, and prototyping screens and reports.
  • Lower CASE tools generate programs from CASE designs, often in multiple programming languages.
  • Integrated CASE tools perform both upper and lower CASE functions.

Object-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design

  • This approach to systems development focuses on objects and their interactions, facilitating rapid changes in dynamic environments.
  • It relies on iterative development: analyzing, designing, and implementing a small part of the system at a time.

Open Source Software

  • Open source software is free to distribute, share, and modify, contrasting with proprietary code that is hidden from users.
  • It is characterized as a philosophy that promotes collaboration and open access.
  • Examples include Linux, Apache Web Server, and Mozilla Firefox.

Benefits of System Analysis and Design

  • Proper planning and design are crucial for creating systems that meet user needs and avoid falling into disuse.
  • Systematic processes improve business processes through the use of computerized information systems.

Analyst Qualities

  • Problem solver: Approaches analysis as a challenge and enjoys developing solutions.
  • Communicator: Needs enough computer experience to understand programming, system capabilities, and user needs.
  • Ethically sound: Possesses strong personal and professional ethics.
  • Self-motivated: Is self-disciplined, self-motivated, and can coordinate resources and personnel.

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)

  • HCI principles are increasingly important to improve system quality and user experience.
  • They consider user needs, including physical ergonomics, usability, aesthetics, and behavioral aspects.

Maintenance

  • System maintenance can remove software errors and enhance existing software.
  • Over time, the cost of maintenance can exceed the cost of developing a new system.

Conclusion

  • The SDLC provides a structured framework for developing systems, considering users' needs, and ensuring effective implementation and ongoing maintenance.
  • CASE tools and object-oriented design methodologies expand the tools available to systems analysts.
  • The role of the systems analyst continues to evolve in a dynamic environment, requiring them to adapt and innovate in their work with information systems.

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Related Documents

Systems Analysis And Design PDF

Description

Explore the essential concepts of information systems and the critical roles of systems analysts in organizations. Learn about different system types, such as Transaction Processing Systems and Management Information Systems, and understand how they support business operations. This quiz will enhance your knowledge of how information management impacts organizational success.

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