Information System Architecture Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which situation would most benefit from utilizing AWS for data storage?

  • Constant and unchanged storage demand
  • Growth in demand for long-term and stable storage
  • Unpredictable storage demand that increases and decreases repeatedly throughout the year (correct)
  • Static data requirements with low variability

What integration pattern is typically used by web APIs to provide immediate data to requesting applications?

  • Point-to-point (P2P)
  • Publish/subscribe (PubSub)
  • Request-response (correct)
  • Queue-based messaging

Among the following options, which one is a recognized AWS storage solution?

  • Cosmos DB
  • SQL Database
  • Simple Storage Service (S3) (correct)
  • Blob Storage

Which type of cloud service is best suited for teams concentrating solely on application logic?

<p>PaaS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of utilizing cloud services?

<p>Improved agility and development speed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following practices is NOT emphasized in IS urbanization?

<p>Promote open data sharing across all systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be done for successful implementation of event sourcing?

<p>Save all produced events in a database (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a scenario where backups need to be stored for regulatory compliance, which AWS solution should be utilized?

<p>AWS Glacier for long-term storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one approach to refactor an application's architecture for cloud-native services?

<p>Making significant changes to the architecture and codebase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the OAuth2 protocol's access token?

<p>It is generally represented as a JSON Web Token (JWT) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for a container to operate on a machine?

<p>An operating system and Docker runtime installed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes a service that orchestrates and manages containers?

<p>Platform as a Service (PaaS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of architecture mapping, which of the following matches with a batch script processing data?

<p>Figure C: A batch script processes data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following storage options is best suited for unstructured data storage?

<p>In an S3 bucket (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding Dockerfile execution?

<p>The image will have Curl and GnuPG installed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be done to ensure data consistency in a CQRS architecture?

<p>Producing modification events for projection services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which integration pattern is suitable for sharing event information between multiple applications?

<p>Publish/subscribe (PubSub) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes vertical scaling?

<p>Adding more CPU and RAM to an existing machine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about caching is accurate?

<p>Caches enhance data retrieval speed but do not store it permanently. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When migrating to the cloud, what is the first step one should take?

<p>Rehost applications without major changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a microservices architecture, what is a common method for exchanging information?

<p>Communicating asynchronously through a message bus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Refactoring for the cloud

A process that involves making significant architectural and code changes to an application to optimize its performance and scalability in cloud environments.

Rebuilding for the cloud

A method of redesigning and rewriting an application from scratch to fully utilize the features and benefits of cloud computing, often involving the creation of microservices.

OAuth2

A protocol that defines a standardized way for applications to authenticate and authorize users, particularly in web-based environments.

Access Token (OAuth2)

A digital token that contains information about a user's identity and permissions. It is used as a secure way to authenticate users and control their access to services.

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Platform as a Service (PaaS)

A software platform that provides a set of tools and services for developers to build, deploy, and run applications. It handles infrastructure management tasks, allowing developers to focus on application development.

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Horizontal vs. Vertical Scaling

Scaling out refers to adding more machines to your pool of resources, while scaling up refers to adding more power (CPU, RAM) to an existing machine.

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COPY in a Dockerfile

A Dockerfile command that copies all files and folders from the Dockerfile's directory to the image.

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Updating Read Database by Command Service

The act of updating the read database synchronously with the command service, ensuring data consistency in a CQRS architecture.

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Projection in CQRS

A method used in CQRS for updating the read database. It involves producing modification events that are then consumed by a service responsible for updating the read database(s).

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Publish/Subscribe (PubSub)

An integration pattern where multiple applications can subscribe to the event information and receive it.

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Can a cache store data permanently?

A cache stores data temporarily, often in memory, to speed up access.

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Asynchronous Communication in Microservices

Microservices can communicate asynchronously through a message bus, allowing for loosely coupled interactions.

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APIs in Microservices

APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) provide a common language for microservices to interact, enabling data exchange.

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Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)

A cloud service that provides storage for objects. It is commonly used for storing data backups, multimedia files, and web content.

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IS Urbanization

The process of converting a traditional, on-premise information system into a cloud-based system.

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Publish/Subscribe (PubSub) Integration Pattern

A pattern that uses asynchronous communication, where events are published by a publisher and received by subscribers. This pattern is ideal for handling data that doesn't require immediate responses.

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Event Sourcing

A software development approach that uses events to record all changes made to an application's state. These events are stored in a database and can be used to reconstruct the state at any point in time.

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Request-Response Integration Pattern

A method for integrating applications where a request is sent from a consumer to a provider, and the provider responds with the requested data.

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Point-to-Point (P2P) Integration Pattern

A pattern that uses a direct connection between two devices to exchange data. This pattern is suitable for applications where real-time communication is crucial.

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Dockerfile

A file that contains instructions for building a Docker image. It specifies the base image, the necessary software packages, and the configuration steps required.

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Study Notes

Information System Architecture Quiz - Study Notes

  • Question 1: Unpredictable storage demand (fluctuating throughout the year) benefits most from moving a local data store to AWS. Constant, stable demand does not.

  • Question 2: The request-response integration pattern is commonly used in web APIs when immediate data retrieval is needed.

  • Question 3: A Dockerfile contains instructions to create an image. The docker run command executes a container.

  • Question 4: A cloud service is not specific to each client. It relies on pay-per-use billing, on-demand access, and allows for flexibility.

  • Question 5: AWS Simple Storage Service (S3) is an example of an AWS storage solution.

  • Question 6: Cloud benefits include cost efficiency, innovation opportunities, and improved agility/development speed (faster time-to-market).

  • Question 7: Important considerations for IS urbanization (integrating systems) include centralizing user authentication, identifying external data exchanges, and grouping business logic within isolated blocks.

  • Question 8: Prerequisites for event sourcing include saving all produced events in a database and producing an event for each application state modification.

  • Question 9: PaaS (Platform as a Service) is suitable for teams focused only on application logic.

  • Question 10: For minimizing costs when migrating database backups, use an S3 bucket (Simple Storage Service) on AWS.

  • Question 11: Scaling out adds more machines; scaling up adds more power (CPU, RAM) to a single machine.

  • Question 12: Based on the provided Dockerfile:

    • Internet connection is frequently needed to build a Dockerfile.
    • The image will have NodeJS 10 installed after building.
    • Executing "ls" in the running container displays files in the /app/ directory (assuming a copy). -All files in the Dockerfile directory are copied to the image.

  • Question 13: Maintain data consistency in CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation) architecture by updating read databases with commands, using daily ETL processes, and generating modification events.

  • Question 14: Publish/subscribe (PubSub) is used when numerous applications need the same event information.

  • Question 15: Vertical scaling (scale-up) involves increasing resources (memory) on a single virtual machine, not increasing the number of containers or machines.

  • Question 16: Caching is temporary data storage; permanent storage is not a cache.

  • Question 17: Communication in a microservices architecture commonly uses asynchronous message buses and/or web services.

  • Question 18: Steps for cloud migration: Rehost, Replatform, Refactor, Rebuild.

  • Question 19:

    • Figure A represents batch data processing.
    • Figure B represents event-driven architecture or applications that are publishing or subscribing to events.
    • Figure C represents a web-service API type of architecture

  • Question 20:

    • OAuth2 access tokens allow user authentication and express roles.
    • Token integrity is verified via signatures.
    • Access tokens are represented as JSON Web Tokens (JWT).

  • Question 21: Docker containers require an operating system and a Docker runtime.

  • Question 22: PaaS (Platform as a Service) is a service that orchestrates, manages, and deploys containers on virtual machines.

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