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Questions and Answers
What type of attack involves an attacker impersonating someone else?
What type of attack involves an attacker impersonating someone else?
What is the term for a sender or receiver denying they sent or received a message?
What is the term for a sender or receiver denying they sent or received a message?
What type of attack involves slowing down or interrupting a system's service?
What type of attack involves slowing down or interrupting a system's service?
What is the primary goal of the OSI security architecture?
What is the primary goal of the OSI security architecture?
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What is the term for an attacker intercepting and altering a message?
What is the term for an attacker intercepting and altering a message?
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What is the primary goal of protecting confidential information?
What is the primary goal of protecting confidential information?
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What is the purpose of security mechanisms in the OSI security architecture?
What is the purpose of security mechanisms in the OSI security architecture?
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What is the term for the unauthorized interception of data?
What is the term for the unauthorized interception of data?
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What is the main concern of integrity requirement?
What is the main concern of integrity requirement?
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What is the primary objective of availability requirement?
What is the primary objective of availability requirement?
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What is the ITU-T standard for security architecture?
What is the ITU-T standard for security architecture?
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What is a threat in the context of computer system security?
What is a threat in the context of computer system security?
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What is a vulnerability in the context of computer system security?
What is a vulnerability in the context of computer system security?
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What is an attack in the context of computer system security?
What is an attack in the context of computer system security?
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What is the purpose of security standards and regulations?
What is the purpose of security standards and regulations?
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What is the primary concern of computer system security?
What is the primary concern of computer system security?
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What is the primary goal of implementing countermeasures in computer and network security?
What is the primary goal of implementing countermeasures in computer and network security?
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Which type of attack does not affect system resources?
Which type of attack does not affect system resources?
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What is the primary concern in preventing passive attacks?
What is the primary concern in preventing passive attacks?
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Which of the following is an example of a loss of availability?
Which of the following is an example of a loss of availability?
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What is the term for unauthorized access to or interception of data?
What is the term for unauthorized access to or interception of data?
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What is the primary difference between a threat and an attack?
What is the primary difference between a threat and an attack?
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What is the term for the release of message contents without affecting system resources?
What is the term for the release of message contents without affecting system resources?
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What is the primary goal of implementing security measures in computer and network security?
What is the primary goal of implementing security measures in computer and network security?
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Study Notes
Security Concepts and Relationships
- Computer and network assets require protection from threats, which can be countered with countermeasures to prevent, detect, and recover from attacks.
- Residual vulnerabilities may remain even after countermeasures are implemented, and the goal is to minimize the residual level of risk to the assets.
Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Attacks
- Vulnerabilities can be categorized into three types: corrupted (loss of integrity), leaky (loss of confidentiality), and unavailable or very slow (loss of availability).
- Threats are capable of exploiting vulnerabilities and represent potential security harm to an asset.
- Attacks are threats carried out, and can be classified as passive or active.
- Passive attacks attempt to learn or make use of information from the system but do not affect system resources.
- Active attacks attempt to alter system resources or affect their operation.
Attack Types
- Passive attacks are difficult to detect and emphasize prevention over detection.
- Passive attacks can be further categorized into release of message contents and traffic analysis.
- Release of message contents, also known as snooping, refers to unauthorized access to or interception of data.
Security Requirements
- Confidentiality ensures that information is only accessible to authorized entities.
- Integrity ensures that changes to information are only made by authorized entities and through authorized mechanisms.
- Availability ensures that information is accessible and usable to authorized entities when needed.
Key Security Concepts
- Confidentiality, integrity, and availability are core security concepts.
- Other key concepts include authentication, non-repudiation, and authenticity.
Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Attacks
- A threat is a potential occurrence that could compromise security, such as a person crossing a bridge.
- A vulnerability is a weakness that can be exploited, such as a crack in a wall.
- An attack is the actual exploitation of a vulnerability, such as someone destroying the wall.
Threats to Security Goals
- Modification attacks threaten integrity, such as intercepting and changing a message.
- Masquerading or spoofing attacks threaten authenticity, such as impersonating someone else.
- Replaying attacks threaten availability, such as replaying a message to slow down a system.
- Denial of Service (DoS) attacks threaten availability, such as overwhelming a system with messages.
Security Architecture
- The OSI security architecture focuses on security attacks, mechanisms, and services.
- Security mechanisms are designed to detect, prevent, or recover from specific security attacks.
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Description
Test your understanding of the fundamental principles of information security, including confidentiality, integrity, and availability requirements.
