Information Security Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for damage or unauthorized modification of an information asset?

  • Data Leakage
  • Loss (correct)
  • Integrity Breach
  • Security Flaw

What is the main focus of the Maintenance & Change phase in the SDLC?

  • Developing new systems
  • Implementing security protocols
  • Conducting user training
  • Supporting and modifying the system throughout its lifecycle (correct)

Which component of Information Systems has significantly increased the demand for computer security measures?

  • Data Storage
  • Software Development
  • Hardware
  • Networking (correct)

What is often considered the most crucial yet overlooked element influencing information systems success?

<p>People (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Physical Design phase in SDLC involve?

<p>Selecting technologies to support decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of user authentication credential depends on items the user possesses?

<p>Possession (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes written instructions that must be secured from unauthorized access?

<p>Procedures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Risk' refer to in the context of organizations?

<p>The probability of unwanted events occurring (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a documented process to take advantage of a vulnerability in software?

<p>Exploit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a condition where a vulnerability is known to an attacker?

<p>Exposure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Implementation phase in SDLC primarily focus on?

<p>Creating the needed software and training users (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of Information Security?

<p>To protect information systems from unauthorized access (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Integrity in information systems mean?

<p>Data consistency and prevention of unauthorized modifications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the SDLC, the Investigation approach focuses on which aspect of project management?

<p>Specifying the objectives, constraints, and scope of the project (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Hardware in an information system?

<p>To house and execute software while storing data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which phase of the SDLC are applications capable of providing needed services selected?

<p>Logical Design (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of Risk Assessment/Management Specialists?

<p>Analyzing and managing risk management issues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) best described as?

<p>A structured process for producing high-quality software (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Security Policy Developer mainly do?

<p>Set rules and expectations regarding data security (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to an entity that poses a threat to an asset?

<p>Threat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily managed by Systems Administrators?

<p>The configuration and operation of computer systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a Team Leader in security typically not handle?

<p>Conducting software updates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect makes software particularly challenging to secure?

<p>Its complex coding and functionalities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of a Chief Information Officer (CIO)?

<p>Advising senior executives on strategic planning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines security?

<p>The quality of being free from danger (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) primarily hold in an organization?

<p>Assessment, management, and implementation of Information Systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Confidentiality' refer to in data security?

<p>Prevention of unauthorized access to sensitive information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles is responsible for the storage, maintenance, and protection of information?

<p>Data Custodian (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Data Security' involve in a corporate environment?

<p>Protecting data from loss through unauthorized access (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are considered Data Users within an organization?

<p>Employees performing their daily job functions using data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Enigma Machine in the context of data security?

<p>It represents a historical cipher device used for secure communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best defines the role of End Users in an organization's information security framework?

<p>They utilize hardware and software assets to perform job duties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of information security?

<p>To protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key element of the SDLC Analysis phase?

<p>Developing detailed system specifications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Enigma Machine?

<p>It was a highly secure encryption device used by Nazi Germany. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is associated with the term 'Authenticity' in information security?

<p>Verifying the source or origin of data and file transfers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following approaches to security focuses on improving systems from a bottom-up perspective?

<p>Bottom-up Approach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the ARPANET?

<p>It was the first public packet-switched computer network used in the United States. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of information security?

<p>Usability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of 'Accuracy' in information security?

<p>Confirming that information is free from errors and manipulation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Information Asset Loss

Damage or unauthorized modification/disclosure affecting an information asset.

SDLC Maintenance & Change

Tasks necessary to support and modify a system throughout its lifecycle.

Methodology

A formal problem-solving approach using a structured sequence of procedures.

Networking

The I.S component leading to the need for enhanced security.

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Physical Design

Choosing technologies to support evaluated designs in SDLC.

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Possession

User authentication based on items the user physically has.

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Procedure

Written instructions for tasks that must be kept secure from unauthorized users.

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Security Posture

The overall set of controls and safeguards to protect organizational assets.

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Exploit

A documented process to take advantage of a software vulnerability created or inherent to the software.

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Exposure

A condition where a known vulnerability exists and can be attacked.

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Hardware

The physical technology that houses, executes software, and stores data.

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Implementation

The phase in SDLC where software is created, components assembled, and users trained.

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Information Security

Protection of information systems from unauthorized access and modification.

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Integrity

Maintaining data so it’s not modified or deleted by unauthorized parties.

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Investigation

SDLC phase where problems to be solved are specified, and project scope defined.

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Logical Design

The SDLC phase identifying applications and data structures that meet business needs.

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Risk Assessment/Management Specialists

Security personnel who analyze and manage risks by identifying, measuring, and deciding on operational risks.

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Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

A structured process that helps produce high-quality, low-cost software in minimal time.

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Security

The quality or state of being secure, meaning to be free from danger.

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Security Policy Developers

Professionals who define the rules and approach to maintain data confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

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Security Professionals

A wide range of experts needed to support a diverse information security program.

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Software

Comprises applications, operating systems, and command utilities, often difficult to secure.

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Threat

A category of objects or persons that present a danger to assets, being purposeful or undirected.

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Systems Administrators

Security personnel responsible for the upkeep and reliable operation of computer systems, especially servers.

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Data Security

The process of protecting corporate data from unauthorized access and loss, including attacks like ransomware.

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Chief Information Officer (CIO)

The executive responsible for advising on strategic planning and managing information systems.

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Data Custodian

Responsible for the storage, maintenance, and protection of information within an organization.

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Confidentiality

Measures designed to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive information.

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Data Owner

Responsible for the security and usage of a particular set of information.

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End Users

Employees who use organizational hardware and software to perform their job duties.

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Enigma Machine

A cipher device from the 20th century used to protect military and diplomatic communications.

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Security Champion

Development team members who act as an extension of the security team, spotting potential issues.

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ARPANET

A network built to withstand attacks, originally developed for military use.

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Accuracy

Measurement that ensures information is correct and not derived from malicious data.

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Analysis

Assessment phase of SDLC where system expectations and interactions are evaluated.

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Authenticity

Validation of the source or origin of data and file transfers through proof of identity.

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Availability

Ensuring systems and data are accessible when needed by users.

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Bottom-up Approach

A method where systems administrators improve security starting from grassroots efforts.

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Study Notes

Information Security Concepts

  • ARPANET was a network built to resist attacks from the USSR.
  • Enigma Machine was a device extensively used by Nazi Germany.
  • Information security protects information, systems, and hardware.
  • Accuracy ensures information is correct and not malicious.
  • SDLC assessments analyze organization, current systems, and support for new systems.
  • ARPANET was the first public packet-switched network.
  • Authenticity validates data source.
  • Availability ensures data is ready when needed.
  • Bottom-up approach improves security through grassroots effort.
  • Chief Information Officer (CIO) advises senior executives.
  • Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) manages and implements IS.
  • Committee on National Security Systems (CNSS) is a security model.
  • Confidentiality prevents unauthorized access to sensitive information.
  • Data Custodian manages storage and protection of data.
  • Data Owner protects and uses data.
  • Data Security prevents data loss, modification, and corruption.
  • Data Users interact with data to support daily tasks.
  • End Users use hardware and software for their jobs.
  • Enigma Machine protected communication in the early/mid-20th century.
  • Exploit compromises a system for personal gain.
  • Exposure means a vulnerability, known to an attacker.
  • Hardware is the physical technology.
  • Implementation involves training and document creation.
  • Investigation determines the system's purpose, constraints, and scope.
  • Integrity ensures data isn't modified or deleted by unauthorized users.
  • National Information Assurance Glossary defines information security.
  • A security posture or protection profile includes controls and safeguards.
  • Risk is the probability of unwanted events occurring.
  • Risk Assessment/Management Specialists manage risk.
  • SDLC is a structured process for creating software.
  • Security ensures freedom from danger.
  • Security Policy describes procedures and expectations.
  • Security Policy Developers detail data security rules.
  • Security Professionals support multiple security functions.
  • Software includes applications, operating systems, and utilities.
  • Systems Administrators maintain computer systems.
  • Team Leader manages security team responsibilities.
  • Threat is a potential danger to an asset.
  • Threat Agent is a specific instance of a threat.
  • Top-down approach sets goals and procedures.
  • Utility software helps configure and maintain systems.
  • Vulnerability is a flaw in a system.
  • Waterfall Model is a linear approach to SDLC.

Additional Information

  • Methodology or SDLC is a formal problem-solving approach.
  • Networks are a crucial component for increased security in computer systems.
  • People are often overlooked but are a critical aspect of information system success.
  • Possession authentication uses hardware items.
  • Procedure outlines tasks and prevents unauthorized actions.
  • Probability and Risk are important factors to account for as systems develop.
  • Physical design selects technologies for identified alternatives.

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