Information Classification Quiz

9 Questions

Which of the following is a true statement about exhaustive testing?

It is not feasible except in the case of trivial software

When following the fundamental test process, when should the test control activity take place?

During all the activities

Which of the following is the activity that compares the planned test progress to the actual test progress?

Test control

As a tester, which of the following is a key to effectively communicate and maintain positive relationships with developers when there is disagreement over the prioritization of a defect?

Remind them of the common goal of creating quality systems

Which of the following statements is a valid objective for testing?

To find as many failures as possible so that defects can be identified and corrected

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between testing and debugging?

Testing shows failures caused by defects; debugging finds, analyzes, and removes the causes of failures in the software

Which one of the statements below describes a failure discovered during testing or in production?

The product crashed when the user selected an option in a dialog box

A new retail product was released, and it failed on a later model of equipment not used in testing. What is the root cause and effect?

The root cause is conducting the testing on the wrong version of the equipment and the effect is the customer complaints and postings

Which of the following statements CORRECTLY describes one of the seven key principles of software testing?

It is impossible to test all input and precondition combinations in a system

Study Notes

What is Testing?

Testing is a process to assess the quality of software, reduce the risk of software failure, and ensure software meets stakeholder needs.
It involves many different activities, including execution, which is only one of them.

Types of Testing

Dynamic Testing: involves executing the software.
Static Testing: involves reviewing the software without executing it.

Importance of Testing

Testing reduces the risk of failures occurring during operation.
When defects are fixed, quality increases.
Testing may be required to meet contractual or legal requirements or industry-specific standards.

Contribution to Success

Involving testers in requirements reviews can detect defects early, reducing the risk of incorrect or untestable functionality.
Collaborating with designers can increase understanding of the design and how to test it.
Working with developers can increase understanding of the code and how to test it.
Verifying and validating software before release can detect failures and support debugging.

QA and QC

Quality management includes all activities that direct and control an organization with regard to quality.
Quality assurance focuses on adherence to proper processes to prevent defects.
Quality control involves activities, including testing, to achieve appropriate levels of quality.

Defects, Root Causes, and Effects

A defect is an error or mistake in the code.
A failure is the inability of a system to perform its intended function.
Root cause analysis can lead to process improvements that prevent future defects.

Principles of Software Testing

Testing shows the presence of defects, not their absence.
Exhaustive testing is impossible, and it is a fallacy to expect that just finding and fixing a large number of defects will ensure success.
Defects cluster together in a small number of modules.
Beware of the pesticide paradox, where repeated testing no longer finds new defects.
Testing is context-dependent.
Absence of error is a fallacy, and finding and fixing defects does not guarantee success.

Test Process

There is no one universal software test process, but there are common sets of test activities.
The test process involves planning, monitoring and control, analysis, design, implementation, execution, and completion.
The process is influenced by the test basis, coverage criteria, and exit criteria.

Test Process Activities

Test Planning: defining objectives and approaches.
Test Monitoring and Control: comparing actual progress with the plan.
Test Analysis: analyzing the test basis and defining test conditions.
Test Design: designing and prioritizing test cases.
Test Implementation: developing and prioritizing test procedures.
Test Execution: running test suites and reporting defects.
Test Completion: collecting data and reporting test results.### Tester's Mindset
Independent testers increase defect detection effectiveness due to their unique perspective, different from the work product authors.

Communication and Relationships

To effectively communicate and maintain positive relationships with developers when there is disagreement over the prioritization of a defect, remind them of the common goal of creating quality systems.

Testing and Debugging

Chapter 1 Exam

Topics to remember:
- Errors, defects, and failures
- Defects, root causes, and effects
- Seven Testing principles
- Typical objectives of testing
- Test process in context
- Human psychology and testing
- Test activities and tasks
- Test work products
- Traceability between test basis and test work products
- Tester's and developer's mindsets

Quiz Time

Note: The correct answer is D. Remind them of the common goal of creating quality systems.