Influenza Patient Case Studies Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which patient was diagnosed with influenza A (H1N1) and treated with oseltamivir?

  • Patient A
  • Patient B (correct)
  • Patient C
  • None of the above

    • What treatment was prescribed for Patient A?

  • Amantadine (correct)
  • Oseltamivir
  • Ribavirin
  • Zanamivir

    • What was the primary reason for not immediately confirming the diagnosis for Patient C?

  • Need for additional tests with specific antibodies (correct)
  • Prior vaccination history
  • Patient's age
  • Insufficient viral load

    • Which patient exhibited a high viral load and was resistant to oseltamivir?

    <p>Patient A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key learning outcome from the patient case studies?

    <p>Limitations and complementary nature of diagnostic techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does viral pathogenesis primarily describe?

    <p>The process by which a virus causes a disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method of quantitating viral virulence?

    <p>Measurement of cytokine levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT influence viral virulence?

    <p>Season of the year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the concept of viral virulence?

    <p>It is relative and can vary depending on host factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can viruses potentially be beneficial?

    <p>As part of gene therapy and biological control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by symptoms of a disease?

    <p>Feelings and experiences that only the patient can report</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What economic impact can plant viruses have?

    <p>Cause approximately £40 billion worth of crop losses annually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes egress in the viral life cycle?

    <p>The release of newly formed viruses from the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a virus?

    <p>An obligate intracellular parasite with genetic material, a protein coat, and sometimes an envelope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of performing a plaque assay?

    <p>To measure infectivity by quantifying plaque-forming units.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a precaution to follow in the laboratory?

    <p>Eating and drinking in the lab.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is classified as a direct method of diagnosing viral infections?

    <p>Cell culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of viral components can be detected using indirect methods?

    <p>Genetic material or proteins of the virus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of viral hijacking in the context of viral infection?

    <p>To replicate and disseminate the virus using the host's cellular machinery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential hazard in a virology lab?

    <p>Handling potentially infectious agents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay help in diagnosing?

    <p>Virus-induced agglutination of red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical incubation period for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)?

    <p>2-8 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following viruses is primarily associated with the common cold?

    <p>Rhinovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of lower respiratory infections?

    <p>Stridor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subtype of RSV is classified mainly based on its surface proteins?

    <p>A and B subtypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the high rate of reinfection with RSV?

    <p>Lack of long-lasting immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common method of transmission for Rhinovirus?

    <p>Aerosols and fomites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the global annual impact of RSV in terms of health statistics?

    <p>33 million cases, 3.4 million hospitalizations, up to 199,000 deaths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which respiratory virus thrives best at lower temperatures around 32°C?

    <p>Rhinovirus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment focus for coronaviruses?

    <p>Symptom relief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following strains is associated with the common cold?

    <p>OC43</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the replication location of the influenza virus?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism leads to seasonal flu outbreaks in influenza A?

    <p>Antigenic Drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which receptor is primarily targeted by rhinoviruses for infection?

    <p>ICAM-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year was SARS-CoV-2 identified as a key strain infecting humans?

    <p>2019</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major characteristic of viruses in terms of host immunity evasion?

    <p>Suppressing interferon signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vaccines are in ongoing development for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?

    <p>Pre-fusion glycoprotein-based vaccines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the viral capsid?

    <p>To protect the viral genomic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to directly detect the infectious virus?

    <p>Virus isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following viruses is known for having a membrane envelope?

    <p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of non-enveloped viruses compared to enveloped viruses?

    <p>They are more resistant to pH and heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does serology primarily detect in a patient's serum?

    <p>Antibodies against viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When identifying new viruses, which method is used for viruses with unknown targets?

    <p>Metagenomic sequencing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do surface proteins on viruses serve?

    <p>They help in the recognition and binding to host cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do enveloped viruses typically exit host cells?

    <p>By using host cell machinery to fuse with the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sampling is important for identifying viral infections?

    <p>Samples determined by signs and symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is true about viral genomes?

    <p>They can be either DNA or RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'host range' in virology?

    <p>The variety of hosts that a virus can infect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which viral structure is typically more fragile?

    <p>Envelopes of enveloped viruses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of cryoEM in virology?

    <p>To visualize viral structures at low temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus detection method is not suitable for all viruses due to its time-consuming nature?

    <p>Virus titration on living cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment of influenza A (H1N1) through patient case studies. This quiz covers details about the treatments prescribed, diagnosis confirmations, and key learnings from the cases presented. Engage with the material to solidify your understanding of flu management and resistance patterns.

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