29 Questions
Which cells are responsible for secreting proinflammatory cytokines?
Mast cells
Which cells are the principal cells that kill parasitic organisms?
Eosinophils
Which cells are involved in connecting the innate and acquired immune systems by collecting antigens at the site of inflammation?
Dendritic cells
Which cells are the predominant phagocytic cells in the late inflammatory response and promote wound healing?
Macrophages
Which cells are responsible for the elimination of pathogens and foreign debris through a multistep cellular process called phagocytosis?
Phagocytic cells
Which cells are involved in synthesizing biochemical mediators such as histamine and chemotactic factors to initiate inflammation?
Mast cells
Which cells are responsible for producing interferons when infected by viruses?
Lymphocytes
Which cells regulate circulating components of the inflammatory system and maintain normal blood flow by preventing spontaneous activation of platelets and members of the clotting system?
Endothelial cells
Which cells are responsible for inducing leukocyte chemotaxis?
Mast cells
Which cells are the most important activators of the inflammatory response?
Mast cells
Which cells are involved in the early inflammatory response by exiting the circulation and moving to the inflammatory site by chemotaxis?
Neutrophils
Which cells are responsible for transporting antigens to sites such as the lymph nodes, where immunocompetent B and T cells reside?
Dendritic cells
What are the macroscopic hallmarks of inflammation?
Redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function
Which plasma protein systems mediate inflammation?
Complement system, clotting system, and kinin system
What activates the complement system?
Antigen-antibody reactions and bacterial polysaccharides
Which products are the most biologically potent of the complement system?
C3b, C3a, and C5a
What are the functions of the clotting system in inflammation?
Stops bleeding, localizes microorganisms, and provides a meshwork for repair and healing
What is the most important product of the kinin system?
Bradykinin
What is the microscopic hallmark of inflammation?
An accumulation of fluid and cells at the inflammatory site
Inflammation can occur in which type of tissue?
Vascularized tissue
What are the functions of C5a in the complement system?
Anaphylatoxin and chemotactic factor
What activates the complement system through the lectin pathway?
Bacterial polysaccharides
Which system causes vascular permeability, smooth muscle contraction, and pain?
Kinin system
What are the key plasma protein systems that mediate inflammation?
Complement system, clotting system, and kinin system
What are the principal systemic effects of inflammation?
Fever and increases in levels of circulating leukocytes and plasma proteins
What characterizes chronic inflammation?
Dense infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages
What are the local manifestations of inflammation?
Redness, heat, swelling, and pain
How long does chronic inflammation typically last?
2 weeks or longer
What can occur as a distinct process without much preceding acute inflammation?
Chronic inflammation
Test your knowledge of the second line of defense with this quiz on inflammation. Explore the rapid and protective response to cellular injury, macroscopic and microscopic hallmarks, and more.
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