Infinity and Hilbert's Infinite Grand Hotel
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Questions and Answers

What is a common way to denote sets?

  • By using capital letters (correct)
  • By using symbols
  • By using lowercase letters
  • By using numbers

What type of notation is used to denote a set by its elements?

  • Set builder notation
  • Venn diagram notation
  • Set notation (correct)
  • Element notation

What is a function in mathematics?

  • A rule that has multiple outputs for one input
  • A map that associates each element of the first set to exactly one element of the second set (correct)
  • A machine that breaks down if given multiple inputs
  • An intelligent machine that makes choices

What is the characteristic of a function?

<p>It associates each element of the first set to exactly one element of the second set (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a function be represented?

<p>Either by its description or by its rule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a machine is given multiple outputs for one input?

<p>It breaks down (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an infinite set?

<p>A set that is not finite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept illustrated by Hilbert’s Hotel?

<p>The concept of infinity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for a set A to be called infinite?

<p>If there exists NO one-to-one and onto matching between A and any subset of natural numbers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did Hilbert introduce his hotel thought experiment?

<p>In a lecture of January 1924 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a countably infinite set?

<p>A set that can be labeled using integers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the scenario depicted in the story of the tired driver?

<p>A driver is seeking a hotel in a high season (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a countable set?

<p>The set of even numbers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the concept 'Some infinities are bigger than other infinities'?

<p>Georg Cantor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristics of counting finite sets?

<p>It is a basic process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the story used to illustrate the concept of infinity?

<p>Hilbert's Hotel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Hilbert's hotel become widely known?

<p>Because it has been used in a variety of arguments since the 1970s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of integers in counting?

<p>They are used in the process of counting (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function f(n) that shows the set of positive odd numbers is countable?

<p>f(n) = 2n - 1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function f(n) that shows the set of all integers, Z, is countable?

<p>f(n) = ⎧ 2n - 1, if n is even, n+1 - 2, if n is odd (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a rational number?

<p>A number that is a ratio of two integers with no common multiple (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be said about the set of all positive rational numbers, Q+?

<p>It is countable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pattern in the table used to show the countability of the set of all positive rational numbers, Q+?

<p>Each row and column is infinite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not mentioned in the text?

<p>The set of all real numbers between zero and one is countable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of finding a bijective map between real numbers in the interval [0, 1] and natural numbers?

<p>To show that the set of real numbers is countable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are all decimal representations of numbers between 0 and 1 assumed to be in the list?

<p>Because they can be matched 1-1 and onto with natural numbers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of defining the number 0.b1 b2 b3 · · ·?

<p>To construct a number that is not in the list (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a11 is equal to 9 in the definition of the number 0.b1 b2 b3 · · ·?

<p>b1 is set to 0 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the list of decimal representations of numbers between 0 and 1?

<p>It assumes that all real numbers can be matched 1-1 and onto with natural numbers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the construction of the number 0.b1 b2 b3 · · ·?

<p>To construct a number that is not in the list (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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