29 Questions
Which of the following is a type of coronary artery disease?
Coronary artery embolus
Which of the following is a type of myocardial disease?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
What is the characteristic histological feature of hypertensive heart disease?
Large fibers with large nuclei, later interstitial fibrosis
What is the most common cause of death in hypertensive heart disease?
Congestive heart failure
Which of the following is a common valvular disease?
Aortic stenosis
What is the trigger for the development of rheumatic fever?
Streptococcal pharyngitis
What is the main feature of Monckeberg medial calcific sclerosis?
Focal dystrophic calcific deposits in the media of small to medium-sized muscular arteries
What is the main cause of arteriolosclerosis?
Diabetes mellitus and hypertension
What is the central component of the atheroma plaque in atherosclerosis?
Intracellular and extracellular lipid
What is the main feature that distinguishes atherosclerosis from Monckeberg medial calcific sclerosis?
Intimal deposition of lipids, called atheroma plaque
Which of the following is not a complication of atherosclerosis?
Thrombus formation
What is the main distribution of atherosclerosis?
Elastic large and medium-sized arteries of vital organs
What is the primary mechanism of action in acute rheumatic fever?
Antibodies against streptolysin O and DNase B react with glycoproteins in the heart, joints, and other tissues
Which age group is most commonly affected by acute rheumatic fever?
Children (5-15 years)
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of acute rheumatic carditis?
Rheumatoid nodules in the pericardium
Which heart valve is most commonly affected in acute rheumatic carditis?
Mitral valve
What is the characteristic histological finding in acute rheumatic carditis?
Aschoff bodies
What is the primary mechanism of infection in infective endocarditis?
Formation of vegetations on the valves due to thrombotic debris and organisms
Which of the following arteries has the highest risk of atherosclerosis?
Coronary artery
Intermittent claudication refers to:
Pain in the lower limbs upon walking that is relieved by rest
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis?
Family history
Which of the following types of cholesterol increases the risk of atherosclerosis?
LDL
Which of the following dietary factors is considered a 'bad fat' that increases the risk of atherosclerosis?
Cholesterol and saturated fats
Which of the following statements about diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerosis is true?
DM increases the risk of hypercholesterolemia and myocardial infarction
What is the main cause of Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) according to the text?
Fixed coronary artery stenosis due to atheroma in the intima
Which of the following is NOT considered an Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) according to the text?
Chronic IHD
What is the difference between stable angina pectoris (typical angina) and unstable angina according to the text?
Stable angina is caused by fixed coronary artery stenosis, while unstable angina is caused by acute complication of atheroma leading to partial obstruction
What is the main treatment for ischemic heart disease?
Using a mesh to maintain blood supply
What is the main difference between subendocardial myocardial infarction and transmural myocardial infarction according to the text?
Subendocardial MI involves the inner layer of the myocardium, while transmural MI involves the entire thickness of the myocardium
This quiz covers the topic of Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) within the cardiovascular system, focusing on the imbalance between myocardial oxygen demands and blood supply. It discusses clinical syndromes like Angina pectoris, Myocardial infarction (MI), Sudden cardiac death, and Chronic IHD.
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