Inferential Statistics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which statistic applied to census data from the Czech Republic would result in inference?

  • The average monthly income of programmers in a small village (100 citizens) between ages 60 and 70. (correct)
  • The average age of citizens who own a company.
  • The average monthly income of programmers in Brno between ages 20 and 30.
  • The number of citizens who have permanent residence in a small village (100 citizens) between ages 60 and 70.

    • Which statement is true about the XOR operation?

  • It preserves linear relations between the operands.
  • It depends only on the most significant bits of the operands.
  • It detects if the operands are the same.
  • It is commutative (i.e., A XOR B = B XOR A). (correct)

    • Which of the following statements about the man-in-the-middle attack in the Diffie-Hellman protocol is correct?

  • The attacker re-encrypts the communication of two parties. (correct)
  • Authentication of the parties allows the attack.
  • The attacker is authenticated for both parties.
  • The attacker shares two different symmetric keys with the parties.

    • Which statement about the risk rating matrix in the context of qualitative risk assessment is true?

    <p>A level of risk of a given high probable threat can be low if the impact rating is very low.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the man-in-the-middle attack in the Diffie-Hellman protocol is correct?

    <p>The attacker is able to communicate with each of the parties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the XOR operation is true?

    <p>It can be viewed as bitwise multiplication modulo 2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding risk analysis matrices is incorrect?

    <p>The matrix value represents the estimated annual loss expectancy (ALE).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Message Authentication Codes (MACs) is false?

    <p>Collision resistance is important for MAC, like for cryptographic hash functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Common Criteria, pseudonymity ensures that a user may use a resource or service:

    <p>Through the TSF not providing a capability to determine the original user identity based on a provided alias.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a good rule of thumb in real-world software security?

    <p>Implement cryptographic functions yourself if the library you are using becomes unmaintained.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about active network monitoring is false?

    <p>It is typically used to bypass network encryption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not an effective way to improve the security of password-based authentication?

    <p>Using short passwords in a double-bluff, as they are obviously weak and no one will try to guess them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Inference in Census Data

    • Inference occurs when applying statistics to census data from the Czech Republic, specifically when considering the average monthly income of programmers in a small village (100 citizens) between ages 60 and 70.

    XOR Operation

    • The XOR operation is commutative (A XOR B = B XOR A).
    • It detects if the operands are different.
    • It does not depend on the most significant bits of the operands.
    • It cannot be viewed as bitwise multiplication modulo 2.

    Man-in-the-Middle Attack

    • A man-in-the-middle attack in the Diffie-Hellman protocol occurs when the attacker re-encrypts the communication of two parties.
    • The attacker shares two different symmetric keys with parties.
    • The attacker is able to communicate with each of the parties.
    • The attacker performs the Diffie-Hellman protocol with each of the parties.

    Risk Rating Matrix

    • A level of risk of a given high probable threat can be low if the impact rating is very low.
    • The level of risk depends on both the likelihood of a threat and the impact rating.
    • The likelihood of a threat, as well as the cost of impact, is only estimated and not precisely computed.
    • The matrix combines an impact rating and the probability that a threat occurs with successful exploitation.

    MAC and Digital Signatures

    • MAC requires a shared secret key, unlike a cryptographic hash function.
    • Collision resistance is important for MAC, unlike for cryptographic hash functions.
    • MAC is not a type of digital signature.
    • HMAC is a standard that specifies the construction of MAC from cryptographic hash functions.

    Pseudonymity

    • Pseudonymity ensures that a user may use a resource or service through the TSF (Target of Evaluation Security Functions) not providing a capability to determine the original user identity based on a provided alias.

    Software Security Rules of Thumb

    • Do not implement cryptographic functions yourself even if the library you are using becomes unmaintained.
    • View all user inputs as potentially harmful.
    • Dedicate enough time to security education.

    Active Network Monitoring

    • It often inserts new traffic into the network.
    • It is typically more powerful than passive network monitoring.
    • It usually acquires the information from actively sent network probes (network packets).

    Improving Password-Based Authentication

    • Improve security by adding another factor (e.g., hardware token) to the authentication scheme.
    • Use a strong unique password for each service.
    • Increase the entropy/randomness of passwords.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of inferential statistics concepts with this quiz question about applying statistics to census data from the Czech Republic. Determine which statistic would lead to a valid inference based on the given scenarios.

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