20 Questions
Which of the following is NOT used to infer phylogenies?
Anatomy
What is the term used for phenotypic and genetic similarities due to shared ancestry?
Homologies
Which of the following will reflect the evolutionary relationships among organisms?
Similarities resulting from common ancestry
What is the term used to describe organisms with very similar morphologies or DNA sequences?
Homologies
What must systematists distinguish between when inferring phylogenies?
Homology and analogy
What are similarities resulting from shared ancestry called?
Homologies
What are similarities resulting from convergent evolution called?
Analogies
What are similarities resulting from divergent evolution called?
Homologies
What are similarities resulting from parallel evolution called?
Analogies
What is the term used for organisms with different structures or sequences?
Analogies
Which type of homology is based on the degree of similarity in nucleotide sequence among taxa?
Molecular homologies
Which of the following can cause extensive mismatch between sequences that are otherwise quite similar?
Single nucleotide insertion or deletion
Which group includes an ancestral species and all its descendants?
Clade
A taxon is equivalent to a clade only if it is __________.
Monophyletic
What type of group consists of an ancestral species and some, but not all, of the descendants?
Paraphyletic group
What type of group includes distantly related species but does not include their most recent common ancestor?
Polyphyletic group
What is the percentage of sequence homology between Drosophila DH44 and Human CRH?
38%
What is the term for classifying organisms by common descent?
Cladistics
What is the term for a group of species that includes an ancestral species and all its descendants?
Clade
What is the term for a group that is equivalent to a clade only if it is monophyletic?
Taxon
Test your knowledge on how phylogenies are inferred from morphological and molecular data in this quiz. Explore the concepts of similarities in morphology, genetics, and biochemistry, and how they reflect evolutionary relationships among organisms.
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