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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a causative agent of syphilis?
Which of the following is a causative agent of syphilis?
- Treponema pallidum (correct)
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Haemophilus ducreyi
What type of infections does the category 'Agents causing local manifestations' refer to?
What type of infections does the category 'Agents causing local manifestations' refer to?
- Dermatological infections
- Systemic infections without local lesions
- Genital tract infections (correct)
- Respiratory infections
Genital tuberculosis is caused by Treponema pallidum.
Genital tuberculosis is caused by Treponema pallidum.
False (B)
Which of the following infections is characterized as a genito-ulcerative disease?
Which of the following infections is characterized as a genito-ulcerative disease?
Name one causative agent of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU).
Name one causative agent of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU).
What is the primary causative agent of chancroid?
What is the primary causative agent of chancroid?
Which condition is NOT a pelvic inflammatory disease?
Which condition is NOT a pelvic inflammatory disease?
The infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis is known as ______.
The infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis is known as ______.
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Study Notes
Overview of Infective Syndromes of the Genital Tract
- Genital tract infections (STIs) are communicable diseases primarily transmitted through sexual contact.
- Causative agents of STIs are categorized into two groups: those causing local manifestations and those causing systemic manifestations.
Agents Causing Local Manifestations
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Genito-ulcerative diseases include:
- Syphilis: Caused by Treponema pallidum.
- Chancroid: Caused by Haemophilus ducreyi.
- Genital herpes: Caused by herpes simplex viruses.
- Lymphogranuloma venereum: Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
- Donovanosis: Caused by Klebsiella granulomatis.
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Urethritis is distinguished as:
- Gonococcal urethritis: Caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
- Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU): Causes include:
- Chlamydia trachomatis (D-K)
- Genital mycoplasmas (Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma genitalium, M. hominis)
- Herpes simplex virus
- Candida albicans
- Trichomonas vaginalis
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Other notable genital tract infections:
- Genital tuberculosis: Caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
- Anorectal lesions such as:
- Proctitis: Associated with HSV, gonococcus, C. trachomatis.
- Anogenital warts: Caused by human papilloma virus.
Infections Specific to Females
- Vulvovaginitis:
- Conditions include bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and candidiasis.
- Mucopurulent cervicitis: Caused by gonococcus and C. trachomatis.
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): Can manifest as:
- Endometritis, salpingitis, oophoritis, and tubo-ovarian abscess.
- Complications include peritonitis and pelvic abscess.
Infections Specific to Males
- Potential infections include prostatitis, epididymitis, and orchitis.
Systemic Manifestations
- Certain agents can cause systemic infections without local manifestations, including:
- HIV
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
- Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
Importance of Diagnosis
- Differentiating between various genito-ulcerative diseases is essential for appropriate treatment.
- Diagnosis is informed by the characteristics of genital ulcers, including pain, induration, and lymphadenopathy.
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