25 Questions
What does the term 'Endocarditis' refer to?
Inflammation of the inner layer of the heart
Which of the following is true about Infective Endocarditis?
It is a life-threatening infection caused by microbes on the heart's endothelial surface
What part of the heart do microbes settle on in Infective Endocarditis?
Endothelial surface
Which term best describes the inflammation of lung tissue?
Pneumonitis
Why is Infective Endocarditis considered serious?
It poses a life-threatening risk due to its infection on heart structures
Which of the following vascular phenomena is characterized by small erythematous or hemorrhagic macules on the palms and soles?
Janeway lesions
Which vascular event is associated with the formation of blood clots that travel through the bloodstream and block arteries?
Major arterial emboli
Which vascular condition can lead to localized weakness in blood vessel walls and potentially rupture?
Mycotic aneurysm
What is a common feature of both septic pulmonary infarcts and intracranial hemorrhage?
They involve blockage of arteries by clots
Which vascular issue is characterized by bleeding in the white part of the eye due to rupture of small blood vessels?
Conjunctival hemorrhages
Why can eradication be difficult?
High concentration of microbes buried deep within the vegetation
What factor can lead to the reduction of microbial activity within the vegetation?
Interference of fibrin and white blood cells
When does fever typically begin to disappear after starting treatment?
1-3 days
Which of the following does not contribute to the difficulty in eradicating microbes from vegetation?
Increased sunlight exposure
What effect do white blood cells have on antibiotics according to the text?
Decrease antibiotic effectiveness
Which type of bacteria is most commonly associated with infective endocarditis (IE)?
Staphylococcus aureus
What percentage of IE cases are associated with Staphylococcus?
30%
Which side of the heart is usually affected by Staphylococcal IE?
Right side
Which bacterial group is known to be the most common cause of community-acquired and native infective endocarditis?
Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS)
Where is Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS) normally found in the body?
Oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract
Which cardiac condition is associated with a calcified aortic stenosis?
Bicuspid valve disease
When should antibiotic prophylaxis be considered for patients with nonvalvular cardiovascular devices?
Only for specific cases like incision and drainage of abscesses
Which type of patients should receive prophylaxis for residual valve leaks after device placement?
Patients with atrial septal defects
What condition warrants prophylaxis for patients undergoing incision and drainage of abscesses?
Mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation
In which situation is antibiotic prophylaxis not suggested for patients with nonvalvular cardiovascular devices?
In cases of coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Learn about the definition and overview of Infective Endocarditis, a serious life-threatening infection caused by microbes settling on the inner layer of the heart or heart valves. This quiz is part of the General Medicine Lecture Series for Dentistry, focusing on the 2nd course.
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