Infective Endocarditis 2 emrees

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Questions and Answers

Why is urine testing performed when infective endocarditis is suspected?

To assess the patient's kidney function and detect renal failure.
To measure the level of protein in the urine, which indicates valve damage.
To look for microscopic haematuria, indicating blood in the urine. (correct)
To identify the specific type of bacteria causing the infection.

What is the primary purpose of blood cultures in the management of infective endocarditis?

To identify the causative organism and guide antibiotic therapy. (correct)
To detect the presence of anemia.
To assess the degree of valve damage.
To monitor the progression of heart failure.

A patient with infective endocarditis is likely to show which change in their blood work?

Decreased white blood cell count
Elevated white blood cell count (correct)
Normal C-reactive protein levels
Reduced erythrocyte sedimentation rate

What findings from liver function tests would suggest infective endocarditis in a patient?

Raised alkaline phosphatase, serum immunoglobulins and decreased complement and C3 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following findings on a chest radiograph would be most indicative of complications from infective endocarditis?

Cardiomegaly and signs of heart failure. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What information does an electrocardiogram (ECG) provide in the context of infective endocarditis?

The origin and complications of possible organic disease such as aortic stenosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What might an echocardiogram reveal in a patient with infective endocarditis that is critical for diagnosis and management?

The presence of vegetation on a valve or mural endocardium and even presence of abcesses. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of treatment with bactericidal antibiotics for infective endocarditis?

4-6 weeks (B) Signup and view all the answers

When is surgical intervention most likely required in cases of infective endocarditis?

When there is extensive damage to the valve, infection of prosthetic material, worsening renal failure. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor indicates a worse prognosis in patients diagnosed with infective endocarditis?

Organisms cannot be identified, cardiac failure is present, infection occurs on a prosthetic valve, microorganisms found are resistant to therapy. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach regarding antibiotic prophylaxis for patients at risk of infective endocarditis undergoing dental procedures?

Antibiotic prophylaxis is not prescribed for invasive dental procedures. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of prophylaxis against infective endocarditis, what is the recommendation regarding chlorhexidine mouthwash?

Should be offered as prophylaxis against infective endocarditis to people at risk of infective endocarditis undergoing dental procedures (B) Signup and view all the answers

What preventative measure is advised for patients at risk of infective endocarditis who are considering invasive nonmedical procedures like body piercing or tattooing?

Cancel patients on the risk of undergoing invasive nonmedical procedures such as body piercing and tattooing (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common causative organism in infective endocarditis?

Streptococci (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an early clinical sign commonly associated with infective endocarditis?

Fever (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following clinical manifestations of infective endocarditis is related to embolic events?

Septic arthritis (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a sign of immune complex deposition in infective endocarditis?

Osler's nodes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical appearance of splinter hemorrhages associated with infective endocarditis?

Reddish-brown lines of blood under the nails. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What ocular finding is associated with infective endocarditis due to the formation of immune complexes?

Roth's spots (B) Signup and view all the answers

Abnormal Cardiac endothelium facilitates bacterial adherence and growth in infective endocarditis; what else is a factor in the Aetiopathogenesis?

Presence of organisms in the blood (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Infective Endocarditis

Infection of the endocardial surface of the heart or valves, usually bacterial or fungal in origin.

IE Aetiopathogenesis: Endothelium

Abnormal cardiac endothelium facilitates bacterial adherence.