Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between contagious and communicable diseases?

  • Contagious diseases are transmitted through water, milk, or food, while communicable diseases are transmitted through contact
  • Contagious diseases are transmitted through air, while communicable diseases are transmitted through direct contact
  • Contagious diseases are always fatal, while communicable diseases are treatable
  • Contagious diseases are transmitted through contact, while communicable diseases are transmitted through water, milk, or food
  • Contagious diseases are transmitted through direct contact, while communicable diseases arise through transmission from an infected person to a susceptible host (correct)
  • Contagious diseases are caused by bacteria, while communicable diseases are caused by viruses

What is the definition of infection?

  • Constant presence of a disease within a given geographical area
  • Transmission of an infectious agent through water, milk, or food
  • Presence of an infectious agent on a body surface
  • Entry of an infectious agent into the body without development or multiplication
  • Entry and development of an infectious agent in the body (correct)
  • Transmission of an infectious agent from an infected person to a susceptible host

What defines an epidemic?

  • The transmission of an infectious agent through contact
  • The unusual occurrence of cases of an illness clearly in excess of expected occurrence in a community or region (correct)
  • The entry of an infectious agent into the body without development or multiplication
  • The constant presence of a disease within a given geographical area
  • The transmission of an infectious agent through water, milk, or food
  • The presence of an infectious agent on a body surface

What does endemic refer to?

<p>The constant presence of a disease within a given geographical area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is contamination defined as?

<p>Presence of an infectious agent on a body surface or substances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of anemia in individuals with sideroblastic anemia (SA)?

<p>Lack of red blood cells and excess iron due to inefficient iron utilization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential medical complications for adults with acquired sideroblastic anemia?

<p>Heart disease and cirrhosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do infants and young children born with sideroblastic anemia differ from adults who develop the condition?

<p>They may have life-threatening medical issues stemming from iron overload (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can healthcare providers do for individuals with congenital sideroblastic anemia (CSA)?

<p>Manage symptoms and prevent serious medical complications with medications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do people typically acquire sideroblastic anemia?

<p>Related blood disorders, certain medications, or excessive exposure to certain minerals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Disease Terms

  • Contagious diseases are capable of being transmitted from person to person, while communicable diseases are those that can be transmitted from person to person, animal to person, or via vectors (e.g., insects).
  • Infection is defined as the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in the body, resulting in a host response.

Epidemiology

  • An epidemic is the rapid spread of a disease in a specific geographic area, exceeding what is expected.
  • Endemic refers to a disease or condition that is consistently present and prevalent in a particular population or region.

Sideroblastic Anemia

  • The main cause of anemia in individuals with sideroblastic anemia (SA) is a defect in the production of heme, a critical component of hemoglobin.
  • Potential medical complications for adults with acquired sideroblastic anemia include cardiovascular disease, liver disease, and increased risk of cancer.
  • Infants and young children born with sideroblastic anemia differ from adults who develop the condition in that they typically present with more severe anemia, failure to thrive, and developmental delays.
  • Healthcare providers can help individuals with congenital sideroblastic anemia (CSA) by providing blood transfusions, folic acid supplementation, and bone marrow transplantation.
  • Sideroblastic anemia can be acquired through exposure to toxins, such as lead or copper, or inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.
  • Congenital sideroblastic anemia is often inherited from birth, resulting from mutations in genes involved in heme biosynthesis.

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