18 Questions
What type of spores are produced by Clostridium species?
Oval or spherical spores
Which Clostridium species is associated with gas gangrene?
Clostridium perfringens
Which toxin causes red blood cell rupture in Clostridium perfringens infections?
Alpha toxin
Which form of food poisoning is associated with Bacillus cereus and fried rice?
Emetic type
What are the usual methods of disinfection for Bacillus cereus?
Ineffective against the pathogen
Which disease caused by Clostridium species is more of an intoxication than a foodborne infection?
Botulism
What is the causative agent of tetanus or lockjaw?
Clostridium tetani
Which toxin is elaborated by Clostridium tetani causing tetanus?
Tetanospasmin
In which patients is Clostridium tetani infection most commonly seen?
IV drug abusers and geriatric patients
What is the main therapy for treating gas gangrene?
Administration of penicillin G
Which type of toxin is produced during Clostridium difficile infection?
Enterotoxin
What is the mechanism of action of Clostridium botulinum toxin?
Neurotoxicity causing muscle paralysis
Which organism produces a terminal spore giving it the characteristic appearance of a 'tennis racket'?
Clostridium tetani
What is the method used to diagnose Clostridium botulinum infection?
Mouse protection tests for botulinum toxin
How is rapid diagnosis of Bacillus anthracis infection done in case of a bioterror attack?
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based assays
What characteristic appearance does Clostridium tetani have?
'Tennis racket' shape
In Clostridium botulinum infection, where is botulinum toxin demonstrable?
In mouse protection tests
What is a rapid diagnostic procedure for Bacillus anthracis infection that detects antigens of the organism in the lesion?
Direct fluorescent antibody test
Learn about the causes, symptoms, and treatments for infections caused by C. perfringens and Clostridium difficile bacteria. Explore how these bacteria produce toxins, leading to conditions like gas gangrene and food poisoning.
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