Workshop 1 - Infection Control (Hard)
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Questions and Answers

Which type of microorganism is characterized as the smallest and requires a living host to replicate?

  • Fungi
  • Virus (correct)
  • Bacteria
  • Parasite

    • Bacteria are categorized by their shapes such as spherical, rod, spiral, and corkscrew.

    True

    What is the significance of hand hygiene in preventing infections?

    Hand hygiene is significant in preventing infections as it removes microorganisms, decreasing the risk of transmission.

    For an infection to occur, the micro-organisms must enter the body, grow and multiply, and cause a response leading to __________.

    <p>signs and symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of infection with its example:

    <p>Virus = Common cold Bacteria = Athlete's foot Fungi = Yeast Parasite = Malaria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of infection?

    <p>Bacteriophage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An infection cannot spread from an infected host to another person.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the components of the chain of infection?

    <p>The components include a micro-organism, a host, and a means of transmission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the 5 Moments of Hand Hygiene?

    <p>After handling equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alcohol-based hand sanitizer requires less time than traditional hand washing.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration for routine hand washing?

    <p>40-60 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gowns are worn to protect the skin and prevent __________ during procedures.

    <p>soiling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following hand hygiene practices with their purposes:

    <p>Hand washing = Reducing the spread of infection Alcohol-based hand sanitizer = Quick bacterial reduction Sterile gloves = Protecting against infectious agents during aseptic procedures Gowns = Preventing contamination of clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of Standard Precautions (Tier 1)?

    <p>Prevent infection by treating every patient as potentially infected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for wearing gloves in a healthcare setting?

    <p>To protect against infectious agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Transmission Based Precautions (Tier 2) are applied to all patients regardless of their infection status.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hand washing should be performed for 5 minutes before a routine procedure.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one infectious agent that requires Droplet Precaution.

    <p>Meningococcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Standard Precautions are applied to blood and all body fluids, ___ skin, and mucous membranes.

    <p>non-intact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with single-use patient care equipment after use?

    <p>dispose after use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ hygiene practice refers to the strategies for preventing the spread of infections.

    <p>standard precautions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following categories of Transmission Based Precautions with their examples:

    <p>Contact Precautions = Multi resistant organisms Droplet Precautions = Pertussis Airborne Precautions = Pulmonary TB Standard Precautions = Blood exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is true regarding hand-washing compared to hand sanitizer?

    <p>Sanitizer should never be used if hands are visibly dirty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chain of infection?

    <p>The process through which infections spread from one person to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Standard Precautions apply only to patients known to be infected.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of isolation guidelines issued by the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality Health Care in 2010?

    <p>Standard Precautions (Tier 1) and Transmission Based Precautions (Tier 2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___ precautions are based upon the mode of transmission of the infectious agent.

    <p>Transmission Based</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category would require Airborne Precautions?

    <p>Chickenpox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of Aseptic Non-Touch Technique (ANTT)?

    <p>To prevent infections in healthcare settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Key parts are defined as parts of the equipment that do not come into contact with the patient.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'asepsis' refer to?

    <p>Free from infection or infectious material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The safest way to protect a key part or key site from contamination is to use a(n) ______ technique.

    <p>non-touch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Key sites = Any breaches in skin integrity that could allow microorganisms to enter the patient Key parts = Parts of the equipment that come into contact with procedural equipment or the patient Sterile = Free from microorganisms Aseptic technique = A method to prevent pathogenic microorganisms from being introduced to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended action for droplet transmission precautions?

    <p>Use a surgical mask when attending to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A surgical mask can be reused if lowered around the neck.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List one type of transmission that requires additional precautions beyond standard precautions.

    <p>Contact, droplet, or airborne transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Protective eyewear must be worn to prevent splashes or sprays of __________ entering the body.

    <p>body substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of transmission-based precautions with their description:

    <p>Contact Precautions = Used when microorganisms can spread by direct or indirect contact Droplet Precautions = Prevent transmission from large particle aerosols within 1m Airborne Precautions = Used for infections that can be transmitted through the air over long distances Standard Precautions = The basic level of infection control for all patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item of PPE is crucial to wear during procedures to protect the mucus membranes?

    <p>Surgical mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is acceptable to leave the patient's room if they are on contact precautions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done before changing a surgical mask?

    <p>Change before it becomes damp</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Appropriate signage needs to be visible on the patient's __________.

    <p>door</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganism is an example that requires contact precautions?

    <p>Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Infection Control Overview

    • Infection occurs when microorganisms invade the body and cause illness.
    • Key types of microorganisms:
      • Viruses: Require a living host; e.g., common cold, hepatitis.
      • Bacteria: Most common infection type; categorized by shape (cocci, bacilli, spirilla, spirochetes).
      • Fungi: Plant-like organisms; e.g., athlete's foot, ringworm.

    Chain of Infection

    • Infection spreads through a cyclical process involving:
      • Entry of microorganisms into the body.
      • Growth and multiplication of microorganisms.
      • Immune response, leading to signs and symptoms.
    • Interruption of the chain can prevent infection spread.

    Infection Prevention Strategies

    • Standard Precautions (Tier 1): Used for all patients; assumes potential infection transmission from everyone.
    • Transmission-Based Precautions (Tier 2): Implemented when standard precautions are inadequate; includes:
      • Contact Precautions: For multi-resistant organisms and gastroenteritis.
      • Droplet Precautions: For infections like pertussis and meningitis.
      • Airborne Precautions: For diseases like TB and chickenpox.

    Hand Hygiene Techniques

    • Critical for infection prevention; follows '5 Moments':
      • Before patient contact
      • Before procedures
      • After exposure to bodily fluids
      • After patient contact
      • After touching patient surroundings
    • Hand washing duration: routine (40-60 seconds), aseptic (1 minute), surgical (5 minutes).

    Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

    • Gloves: Protect hands; sterile gloves for aseptic procedures.
    • Gowns: Shield skin and clothing from contamination.
    • Masks and Face Protection: Prevent entry of pathogens through mucous membranes during procedures.

    Aseptic Techniques

    • Aseptic Non-Touch Technique (ANTT): Minimizes microorganism presence during healthcare procedures.
    • Non-touch Technique: Protects key parts/sites from contamination by not touching them directly.
    • Definitions of terms:
      • Sterile: Free from microorganisms.
      • Asepsis: Absence of pathogenic material.
      • Clean: Free from dirt and stains.

    Infection Control Guidelines

    • Healthcare environments must adhere to infection control policies to minimize healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).
    • Regular cleaning of patient care environments and equipment is essential.
    • Education on respiratory hygiene and proper waste disposal is vital for infection control.

    Summary of Transmission-Based Precautions

    • Contact Precautions: Isolate patients; use gowns/gloves; limit movement.
    • Droplet Precautions: Wear surgical masks; isolate in single rooms.
    • Airborne Precautions: Special masks (N95); maintain strict isolation protocols.

    Conclusion

    • Effective infection control combines knowledge of transmission methods, rigorous hand hygiene, appropriate use of PPE, and adherence to established guidelines to protect patients and healthcare workers.

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    Infection Control Workshop 1 PDF

    Description

    This quiz will assess your understanding of infection control principles as outlined in HNB1102 Foundations in Nursing 1. It covers key concepts necessary for practicing effective infection control in healthcare. Enhance your knowledge and prepare for real-world application in nursing environments.

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