Infection Control in Nursing
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following practices is most effective in minimizing the transmission of microorganisms?

  • Using antiseptic wipes on surfaces only
  • Ensuring patients receive medications only when needed
  • Proper hand hygiene and barrier protection (correct)
  • Limiting contact with patients who show symptoms

    • What role does nutritional support play in infection control?

  • It strengthens a host's defenses against infection. (correct)
  • It can cure infections in the absence of medical treatment.
  • It is only necessary for patients with existing infections.
  • It is ineffective if a patient is already ill.

    • Which of the following is a key characteristic of a communicable disease?

  • They can be transmitted through direct or indirect contact. (correct)
  • They are always caused by viruses.
  • They only occur in underdeveloped countries.
  • They do not require any form of isolation precautions.

    • Infection control measures should be applied:

    <p>During every patient interaction, regardless of symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method effectively eliminates reservoirs of infection?

    <p>Disposing of contaminated waste properly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate action for a nurse if a patient develops an infection?

    <p>Continue preventive care and implement isolation precautions as needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are droplet infections typically transmitted?

    <p>Via respiratory secretions expelled by an infected person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an effective barrier against transmission of infection?

    <p>Improperly fitted masks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What measure can nurses take to control portals of exit for pathogens?

    <p>Ensuring proper disposal of contaminated materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a vehicle transmission of infection?

    <p>Eating contaminated food or water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices is least effective in preventing the spread of infectious diseases?

    <p>Increasing patient intake of fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of collecting body fluids or drainage for cultures in infectious disease treatment?

    <p>To identify the causative organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does communication play in pandemic response?

    <p>It is essential for coordination between centers and community organizations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing intervention is essential for maintaining skin integrity during a patient’s infectious diarrhea?

    <p>Ensuring routine bathing and hygiene measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In treating systemic infections, which measure is crucial to prevent dehydration caused by diaphoresis?

    <p>Maintaining fluid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key reasons for the use of medical and surgical aseptic techniques in wound care?

    <p>To prevent microbial invasion and promote healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does increased metabolic rate have on nutritional intake during an infectious disease process?

    <p>It requires enhanced nutritional intake to support recovery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not typically part of initial pandemic response strategies?

    <p>Providing immediate vaccinations to all patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of supportive care for patients with infectious diseases?

    <p>Supporting the patient's natural defenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For localized infections, which primary action is most important to promote healing?

    <p>Using principles of wound care to remove debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Implementation

    • Nurses recognize and assess patient risk factors to minimize infection risk.
    • Appropriate measures can significantly reduce the chance of infection development.

    Health Promotion

    • Prevents infection by minimizing organism transmission to potential infection sites.
    • Key strategies include eliminating infection reservoirs and controlling entry/exit portals.
    • Proper hand hygiene, sterile supplies, and barrier protections prevent microorganism spread.
    • Strengthening host defenses involves nutritional support, adequate rest, and vaccinations.
    • Vigilance in infection control helps nurses apply aseptic practices in clinical settings.
    • Continuous preventive care is essential for infected patients to protect others from exposure.
    • Isolation precautions control the environment for patients with communicable diseases.

    Communicable Diseases

    • Infectious diseases that spread between individuals, caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses.
    • Transmission methods include direct, indirect, droplet, airborne, and vehicle routes.
    • Notable examples: influenza, HIV, salmonella, E. coli, tuberculosis (TB), malaria, and various viral infections such as Coronavirus and Ebola.

    Prevention of Infectious Diseases

    • Key preventative measures:
      • Good hand hygiene practices.
      • Regular surface cleansing to eliminate pathogens.
      • Use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
      • Vaccinations to boost immunity.
      • Isolation of infected individuals to minimize spread.
      • Ongoing education and training for healthcare staff.

    Pandemic Response

    • Healthcare systems may be overwhelmed, affecting demand management.
    • Effective communication is necessary among healthcare centers, communities, and emergency management.
    • Federal, regional, and local resources aid in infection control planning and management.

    Acute Care Measures

    • Treatment strategies focus on:
      • Eliminating infectious organisms.
      • Supporting the patient's natural defenses.
    • Identification of pathogens involves collecting samples for culture.
    • Prescribers recommend targeted treatment, often including antibiotics.
    • Nurses monitor for treatment side effects and assess infection progress.
    • Systemic infections require fever management and fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
    • Adequate nutrition supports recovery due to increased metabolic needs.
    • Localized infections require wound care to remove debris and enhance healing.
    • Nurses manage wounds using aseptic techniques and appropriate dressings.
    • Drainage tubes may be utilized for infected bodily fluid removal.
    • Daily hygiene practices protect skin and mucous membranes from infection.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on the importance of recognizing risk factors and implementing measures to prevent infections in nursing practice. It covers strategies for minimizing pathogen transmission and controlling infection sites. Ideal for nursing students and healthcare professionals.

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