Infant Growth and Development Quiz

An increase in size of a structure. Human growth is orderly and predictable, yet not even, following a cyclical pattern.

Maturation of physiological and psychosocial bodily systems to a more complex state.

A pattern of growth and development that proceeds from the head to the toes. The infant gains head control before the trunk.

A pattern of growth and development where the trunk develops before the extremities (fingers and toes).

The period from birth to 28 days.

The period from one month to 12 months.

The period from one year to three years.

The period from three years to six years.

An infant's weight is measured in grams. For infants under 6 months, weight is calculated by multiplying their age in months by 600 and adding their birth weight. For infants between 6 and 12 months, weight is calculated by multiplying their age in months by 500 and adding their birth weight.

The first tooth typically erupts in infants at 6 months of age. This is the lower central incisor.

Infant's height is measured in centimeters. For older infants (2 years and above), it is calculated by multiplying their age in years by 2 and adding 8.

Infant's height is measured in centimeters. You can calculate it by multiplying the age in years by 5 and adding 80.

A rapid increase in brain size during the first year of life. By the end of the first year, the infant's brain reaches about two-thirds of its adult size.

The ability to hear in the womb.

Hearing becomes very sharp within hours after birth.

Newborns focus best on black and white objects at a distance of 9-12 inches.

The pupil automatically constricts in response to light, present at birth.

Taste buds are developed before birth, meaning babies can experience different flavors.

Touch is the most developed sense at birth, crucial for bonding and comfort.

Newborns react to painful stimuli, demonstrating their ability to feel pain.

The sense of smell is present as soon as the nose is clear of mucus, allowing babies to recognize familiar scents.

A reflex triggered by stroking the corner of a baby's mouth, causing them to turn their head towards the stimulus.

A reflex that causes a baby to suck anything placed in their mouth, essential for feeding.

Anything placed on the front of the tongue is automatically pushed out, preventing swallowing of inedible substances.

A reflex triggered by pressure or touch on the palm, causing the baby's fingers to curl and grasp.

A reflex where a baby's arms and legs extend when startled by a loud noise or sudden movement.

A reflex that causes a baby's toes to curl when the sole of the foot is stroked.

A reflex where a baby automatically steps when their feet are placed on a surface, simulating walking.

A baby's weight should double from birth by 5-6 months old. They also gain an average of 3-5 ounces per week during this time.

A baby's length typically increases by half an inch each month.

The lower incisors, or front teeth, usually appear first.

Increased saliva and drooling are common during teething, due to the baby's mouth producing more saliva.

A baby at 5-6 months old can usually support their own weight on their arms and sit with support.

At 5-6 months, babies can localize sounds above and below their ears. They also begin to smile at their own reflection and respond to facial expressions.

Babies at 7-9 months old can crawl, usually starting backwards first. They also pull themselves to a standing position. They develop the pincer grasp, using their thumb and forefinger.

Babies at 7-9 months old understand the word "no" and may become aggressive by biting at times. They also show increasing stranger anxiety and separation anxiety from their parents.

A condition where a baby is born before the 37th week of gestation.

Inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane that covers the white part of the eye. Can be caused by viruses or bacteria.

A severe form of conjunctivitis that affects babies born vaginally to mothers infected with gonorrhea. It can lead to blindness.

A serious condition where the intestines become inflamed and die. It is caused by Clostridium Perfringens bacteria.

A condition where the placenta detaches from the uterus before delivery. It can be life-threatening for both mother and baby.

A condition where the placenta covers the opening of the cervix. It can prevent the baby from being born vaginally.

A condition where the cervix opens too early during pregnancy. It can lead to preterm birth.

High blood pressure during pregnancy. It can be dangerous for both mother and baby.

The anterior fontanel, also known as the 'soft spot' on a baby's head, typically closes between 12 and 18 months of age.

A toddler's weight is expected to double by 6 months of age, triple by 1 year, and quadruple by 2 and a half years.

Toddlers have a distinctive inward curve in their lower back, called lordosis, which is more pronounced than in adults. This contributes to their wide-legged stance.

By 18 months, toddlers can usually walk upstairs with help. By 21 months, they can walk both upstairs and downstairs, demonstrating improved coordination and balance.

At around 18 months, toddlers begin using one-word sentences, usually with words other than 'mama' and 'dada'.

By 2 and a half years, toddlers can usually draw a circle, demonstrating fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination.

Toddlers typically develop sphincter control between 18 months and 3 years, leading to bowel and bladder control.

Temper tantrums are common in toddlers, but they usually decrease by 2 and a half years as toddlers develop improved emotional regulation.