Infant Development Milestones Quiz
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Questions and Answers

How much of an infant's body weight is accounted for by extracellular fluid?

  • 25%
  • 50%
  • 35% (correct)
  • 45%

    • At what age does the first baby tooth typically erupt?

  • 4 months
  • 8 months
  • 6 months (correct)
  • 1 year

    • What is the correct sequence of control during an infant's motor development?

  • Head to trunk to lower extremities (correct)
  • Trunk to head to lower extremities
  • Lower extremities to head to trunk
  • Trunk to lower extremities to head

    • At what age is a child expected to consistently use 2-word sentences?

    <p>24 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of motor development involves the coordination of hand movements?

    <p>Fine motor development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following skills is typically developed by 30 months?

    <p>Can jump down from stairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be expected of an infant at 2 months during the prone position?

    <p>They can raise their heads but cannot lift their chests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the child's use of the word 'No' signify in language development?

    <p>Independence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a child shows the ability to drop toys for an adult to recover, what developmental area does this demonstrate?

    <p>Social</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are deciduous teeth important for infants?

    <p>They protect the growth of the dental arc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a child showing a finger to indicate their age?

    <p>Understanding of age concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During ventral suspension at 1 month, what is an expected behavior of the infant?

    <p>They lift their head momentarily and then drop it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is NOT typically associated with the 18-month developmental stage?

    <p>Running and jumping in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is likely a sign of gross motor development progression in a 3-month-old infant?

    <p>Exhibits gross head lag while sitting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'BEGINS PARALLEL PLAY' imply about a child's social skills?

    <p>The child engages in activities alongside peers without direct interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which developmental milestone is typically achieved by 24 months?

    <p>Uses 7-20 words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the most common types of accidents that occur in toddlers?

    <p>Poisoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At 18 months, what type of play becomes prominent in toddlers?

    <p>Imitative play</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What developmental stage involves toddlers engaging in rough-housing?

    <p>Autonomy stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should safety measures for toddlers include?

    <p>Using safety gates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During what age range do children typically exhibit Tertiary Circular Reactions according to Piaget?

    <p>12 to 18 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toys are considered age-appropriate for toddlers when promoting autonomy?

    <p>Blocks and squeaky frogs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior is typical of toddlers during the socialization process?

    <p>Resisting cuddling and lap seating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What underlying theme is associated with Erik Erikson's concept of autonomy in toddlers?

    <p>Struggle between independence and doubt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key principle for effective discipline according to the content?

    <p>Parents need to be consistent with the rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between discipline and punishment as described?

    <p>Discipline means setting limits, while punishment is a breakdown of these limits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does separation anxiety typically begin?

    <p>6 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique can help children understand the consequences of their actions?

    <p>Timeout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reaction of toddlers that occurs as they develop?

    <p>Temper tantrums</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should parents avoid during the goodbye process to reduce a child's crying?

    <p>A prolonged goodbye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the information describe the physiological growth of a preschooler?

    <p>Growth becomes apparent with slim and childlike proportions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological change is noted for preschoolers as they grow?

    <p>Increased levels of IgG and IgA antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be emphasized to a preschooler regarding medication?

    <p>Medication is a serious substance and not for play.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended practice to prevent animal bites?

    <p>Supervise play with family pets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices should be avoided to prevent burns in preschoolers?

    <p>Allowing preschoolers to help light candles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way to promote healthy eating habits in preschoolers?

    <p>Encourage parents to offer variety from food pyramid groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can parents ensure that children receive a complete range of nutrients?

    <p>By making sure that snacks do not replace planned meals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to promote safety when a preschooler is climbing?

    <p>Help the child to judge safe distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken regarding swimming instruction for preschoolers?

    <p>Teach beginning swimming skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which practice is important to prevent falls among preschoolers at playgrounds?

    <p>Supervise the child at all times.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause a preschool child to experience heightened fear?

    <p>Undue stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might preschoolers develop a fear of mutilation?

    <p>They lack understanding of body parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common behavior that preschoolers exhibit due to stress?

    <p>Difficulty sharing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following strategies can help alleviate regression in preschoolers?

    <p>Remove sources of stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant concern for parents when preparing a preschooler for a new sibling?

    <p>Underestimating the significance of their bed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested regarding transitioning a preschooler to a new bed?

    <p>Transfer the child at least 3 months prior to the birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can separation anxiety manifest in preschoolers?

    <p>Believing they have been abandoned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of imaginary friends in preschoolers?

    <p>They help develop social skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Growth and Development

    • Growth and development are continuous processes from conception to death.
    • Different children pass through stages at varying rates.
    • All body systems do not develop at the same rate.
    • Development proceeds in a cephalocaudal manner (head to tail).
    • Development progresses from proximal to distal body parts.
    • Development progresses from gross to refined skills.
    • There is an optimum time for initiation of experiences or learning.
    • Neonatal reflexes must be lost for development to proceed.
    • A great deal of skill and behavior is learned through practice.

    Principles of Growth and Development

    • Growth: an increase in physical size (quantitative change).
    • Development: an increase in skill or ability to function (qualitative change).
    • Maturation is a synonym for development.
    • Psychosexual development (Sigmund Freud)
    • Psychosocial development (Erikson's stages of personality development)
    • Moral development (Kohlberg)
    • Cognitive development (Piaget)

    Factors Influencing Growth and Development

    • Genetics (gender, health, intelligence)
    • Temperament (usual reaction pattern)
    • Environment (socioeconomic level, parent-child relationship, ordinal position in the family, health)
    • Nutrition (susceptibility to disease, healthy diet guidelines)

    Theories of Development

    • A theory is a systematic statement of principles that provides a framework for explaining a phenomenon.
    • Developmental theories provide road maps for explaining human development.
    • Developmental task: skill or growth responsibility at a specific time in an individual's life, the achievement of which builds a foundation for future tasks.

    Freud's Stages of Childhood

    • Infant (Oral stage): Child explores the world via the mouth, especially the tongue. Nursing implication: Provide oral stimulation (e.g., pacifiers)
    • Toddler (Anal stage): Learns to control urination and defecation. Nursing implication: Help children achieve bowel and bladder control.
    • Preschooler (Phallic stage): Learns sexual identity via genital area. Nursing implication: Accept and answer questions about sexuality.
    • School-age child (Latent stage): Child's personality development appears dormant. Nursing implication: Provide positive experiences in learning.
    • Adolescent (Genital stage): Develops sexual maturity and seeks satisfactory relationships. Nursing implication: Provide opportunities for exploring relationships with the opposite sex.

    Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development

    • Infant (Trust vs. Mistrust): Forming a sense of trust, learning to love, and be loved.
    • Toddler (Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt): Learning independence and making decisions.
    • Preschooler (Initiative vs. Guilt): Doing things (basic problem-solving), learning that doing things is desirable.
    • School-age child (Industry vs. Inferiority): Doing things well.
    • Adolescence (Identity vs. Role Confusion): Finding out who they are.

    Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development

    • Sensorimotor: Assimilation of stimuli into mental images, reflexive behavior.
    • Preoperational: Egocentric, static thinking.
    • Concrete operations: Systematic reasoning, concepts of reversibility and transformations.
    • Formal operations: Hypothetical problems, scientific reasoning.

    Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development

    • Preconventional: Punishment/obedience and individualism.
    • Conventional: Interpersonal relations and social order.
    • Postconventional: Social contract and universal ethical principles.

    Nursing Care of a Family with an Infant

    • Infants grow rapidly in size and ability to perform tasks.
    • Physical growth involves weight, height, and head circumference.
    • Body proportions and body systems change.
    • Immune system becomes functional.
    • Development involves motor and language milestones.

    Nursing Care of a Family with a Toddler

    • Toddlers gain 5-6 lbs and 5 inches per year.
    • Body contour changes (prominent abdomen, lordosis).
    • Body systems continue to mature.
    • Teeth development continues.

    Promoting Infant Safety

    • Aspiration (check food size, avoid choking hazards).
    • Falls (place gates at stairs, avoid unattended surfaces.)
    • Motor vehicles (use car seats, supervise when driving.)
    • Drowning (supervise near water, teach life-saving skills)
    • Animal bites (supervise play, don't approach unfamiliar animals).
    • Burns (prevent fires, avoid hot food/drink near children)

    Promoting Preschooler Safety

    • Check environment for safety hazards.
    • Injury prevention (burns from stoves or other appliances).
    • Motor vehicle accidents
    • Drowning
    • Falls
    • Poisoning
    • Teach the child about avoiding potentially unsafe situations

    Promoting School-Age Child Safety

    • Dangers related to motor vehicle safety, such as distracted driving, not wearing a seat-belt, and running around
    • Dangers related to burns from hot items
    • Dangers related to drowning, such as unsupervised water play
    • Dangers related to animal contact
    • Dangers related to poisons

    Promoting Adolescent Safety

    • Promote and educate on correct use of vehicles.
    • Teach about safe practices related to water bodies, including swimming.
    • Teach safe firearm handling.
    • Teach safe and healthy behaviours when in contact with strange animals.
    • Teach about being aware of your surroundings and avoiding dangerous situations.

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    Growth & Development PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on infant development milestones with this quiz! Topics include motor skills, language development, and the significance of early tooth eruption. Perfect for students in pediatric studies or anyone interested in child development.

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