Infant and Toddler Physical Development
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Questions and Answers

At what age can a child typically show the ability to contain their expression of anger or frustration when the source is removed?

  • 13-18 months
  • 7-12 months
  • 25-30 months
  • 19-24 months (correct)

What emotional recognition skill can a child typically demonstrate between 13-18 months?

  • Controlling emotional outbursts
  • Labeling emotions like shame and pride (correct)
  • Identifying others' emotions
  • Expressing sympathy verbally

Which behavior indicates that a child is receptive to the emotions of others at 7-12 months?

  • Can independently assess situations
  • Can manage personal shame
  • Can express anger effectively
  • Can mimic people’s facial expressions (correct)

What is a typical emotional response of a child aged 19-24 months when they make a mistake?

<p>Saying 'sorry' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following skills is generally NOT expected from children aged 7-12 months?

<p>Containing their emotions in a public place (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age can a child typically begin to look for completely hidden objects?

<p>7-12 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ability is typically observed in children aged 13-18 months?

<p>Can tell whether something is hot or cold (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cognitive skill is demonstrated when a child asks 'Why?' questions?

<p>Understanding cause-effect relationships (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age can a child generally differentiate between shorter and taller items?

<p>19-24 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a child typically do at 19-24 months regarding daily practices?

<p>Understand the reasons behind safety rules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is common for a child aged 0-6 months?

<p>Experimenting by banging toys (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ability is evident when a child returns their toys to the right place?

<p>Cause-effect understanding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do children typically start to understand concepts of proximity, such as knowing which item is nearer?

<p>19-24 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the differentiation between means and ends in child development?

<p>It represents the dawn of logic. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age can a child typically follow one-step instructions without gestures?

<p>13-18 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic defines the coordination of reactions stage in child development?

<p>Achieving goal-oriented behavior. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the tertiary circular reactions stage, how does Piaget describe the child's behavior?

<p>As young scientists conducting pseudo-experiments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of expressive language a child is expected to show at 7-12 months?

<p>Says meaningful words like 'mama' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following skills is typically developed first in children aged 0-6 months?

<p>Makes gurgling or babbling sounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What begins to develop during the internalization of schemes stage?

<p>Primitive symbols and mental representations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does a child generally start using possessive pronouns?

<p>19-24 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At around what age does a child begin to show goal orientation?

<p>8-12 months. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as an important aspect of development in the tertiary circular reactions stage?

<p>Experimentation with new behaviors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A child points to 5 body parts when asked. This behavior is expected at what age?

<p>13-18 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'first proper intelligence' refer to in Piaget's theory?

<p>Understanding causal relationships. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes language development at age 19-24 months?

<p>Children attempt to converse even if not clearly understood. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage marks the transition into the preoperational stage of development?

<p>Internalization of schemes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common expressive language behavior observed in children aged 13-18 months?

<p>Speaks only in single words (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an expected behavior for a child aged 7-12 months?

<p>Says 'yes' or 'no' appropriately (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age is a child likely to recall having been to a place before?

<p>19-24 months (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior indicates a child's ability to recognize familiar people at 0-6 months?

<p>Smiling in recognition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What activity might a child aged 19-24 months engage in to demonstrate planning and organizing skills?

<p>Organizing toys into different boxes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which skill is typically demonstrated by a child who is 19-24 months old in the context of logical reasoning?

<p>Understanding that a ball rolls down a slope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following behaviors is expected from children between 19-24 months in relation to semantic memory?

<p>Consistently humming a recognizable tune (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of activity is indicative of a child's creative thought at the age of 19-24 months?

<p>Pretending to cook with play food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about child memory skills at 13-18 months?

<p>Children cannot remember any events from their past. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do children typically start to memorize gestures from action songs?

<p>13-18 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ability is exhibited by an infant at the end of 6 months regarding self-care?

<p>Holds a feeding bottle by himself (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does a child typically stop using a feeding bottle?

<p>13-18 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which developmental skill is expected in a child aged 19-24 months?

<p>Removes socks independently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which self-care activity requires assistance for children aged 13-18 months?

<p>Washing hands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a 19-24 month old child's toilet training progress?

<p>Communicates need to urinate or defecate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key self-care skill for children aged 7-12 months?

<p>Chews solid foods well (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior is common for 13-18 month old children when dressing?

<p>Lifts arms to assist with dressing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What self-feeding skill characterizes a 13-18 month old child?

<p>Eats using fingers with noticeable spillage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant cognitive milestone in Piaget's sensorimotor stage for children?

<p>Understanding object permanence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age do children typically begin to drink from a cup without assistance?

<p>19-24 months (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Understanding 'No'

A child at 7-12 months old can understand and respond to the word 'No'.

Pointing to Family

A child between 7-12 months old can point to family members when asked.

Pointing to Body Parts

A child between 13-18 months old can point to 5 body parts on themselves when asked.

Following One-Step Instructions

A child between 13-18 months old can follow simple one-step instructions without needing gestures.

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Naming Pictured Objects

A child between 19-24 months old can point to 5 named pictured objects when asked.

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Using Words and Gestures

A child between 0-6 months old uses words, gurgling, cooing, and gestures to express themselves.

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Repeating Sounds

A child between 7-12 months old repeats sounds made by others.

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Saying Meaningful Words

A child between 7-12 months old uses words like 'mama' and 'papa' to refer to specific people.

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Secondary Circular Reactions

Repetitive actions involving external objects, like repeatedly turning on a light switch. This stage marks the beginning of differentiating between means and ends.

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Coordination of Reactions Stage

This stage develops coordination between vision, touch, and hand-eye coordination. It also involves combining schemes (mental representations of actions) and intentionality. Marks the beginning of goal orientation.

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Tertiary Circular Reactions

Infants explore the properties of objects and experiment with new ways to interact with them. They try different actions to achieve their goals.

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Internalization of Schemes

Babies develop the ability to use symbols and create internal representations of objects and actions. They can solve problems mentally before acting.

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Means and Ends Differentiation

The ability to understand that certain actions lead to specific outcomes. This is a key step in developing intentional behavior.

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Goal Orientation

The ability to plan and carry out actions to reach a specific objective. This is a major milestone in cognitive development.

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Object Permanence

The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.

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First Proper Intelligence

Piaget's term for the cognitive skills that emerge during the coordination of reactions stage. It signifies the beginning of logical thinking and problem-solving.

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Containing Frustration

By 19-24 months, a child can control their expressions of anger or frustration, especially when asked by an adult. This shows growing self-regulation and emotional development.

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Showing Self-Appraisal Emotions

Between 13-18 months, children start to recognize and label self-appraisal emotions like shame, pride, guilt, envy, and jealousy.

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Taking Turns

Children between 19-24 months old are learning to wait their turn and take turns in activities. This highlights their understanding of social rules and cooperation.

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Mimicking Facial Expressions

A child between 7-12 months old can mimic the facial expressions of others. This shows their growing ability to understand and respond to others' emotions.

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Recognizing Familiar Places

A child between 13-18 months old can recognize and react to familiar places outside their home, like smiling or showing excitement.

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Remembering Past Events

A child between 19-24 months old can remember and identify places they've been to before.

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Remembering Tunes

A child between 19-24 months old can hum or recall a familiar tune.

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Logical Reasoning

A child between 19-24 months old can follow the logic of events and make accurate conclusions based on the information provided.

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Planning Simple Activities

A child between 19-24 months old can plan and organize simple, familiar activities.

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Creative Thinking

A child between 19-24 months old can generate new ideas or solutions to problems.

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Object Constancy

The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are hidden from view.

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Understanding Quantity

The ability to recognize and compare the number of objects in a group. A child at this stage can tell which group has more or less.

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Understanding Seriation

The ability to put objects in order based on size, length, or other measurable qualities. It's like sorting things from biggest to smallest.

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Cause and Effect: Actions with Objects

A child understands that their actions can have a direct effect on objects. They learn that shaking a rattle makes a sound, and hitting a drum makes noise.

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Cause and Effect: Asking 'Why?'

A child is curious about the reasons behind events and actions. They start asking 'Why?' to understand the cause of things happening around them.

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Episodic Memory: Recalling Experiences

The ability to remember past events and experiences. This allows a child to recall things that happened earlier, like a fun trip to the park.

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Understanding Hot and Cold

A child can differentiate between hot and cold temperatures by touch. They learn to not touch something hot because it can hurt.

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Understanding Taller and Shorter

A child can identify the difference between objects of varying heights. They can compare two objects and tell which one is taller.

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Primary Circular Reactions

Repetitive actions focused on the infant's own body, like sucking their fingers or kicking their legs. This stage is about exploring the physical sensations of their own body.

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Coordination of Reactions

Combining different schemes (internal mental representations of actions) to achieve a goal. This allows babies to intentionally reach for objects and understand cause and effect.

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Symbolic Thought

The ability to use symbols, like words or gestures, to represent objects and ideas. This allows for more complex thinking and communication.

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Study Notes

Infant and Toddler Physical Development

  • 0-6 months: Infants startle to loud sounds, visually track moving objects up and down, and react to pain or temperature changes. They may withdraw or show surprise with unfamiliar sensations. They show pleasure reactions to delicious tastes and smells, and displeasure when they don't like something.

  • 7-12 months: Infants push and pull moderately heavy objects. They independently sit and crawl. They stand, squat, and walk with support. Increased stamina allows for more active play. Babies are able to walk sideways using furniture for support, walk without support, cruise, and take steps. Later they walk backwards, up stairs with help, down stairs with help.

  • 13-18 months: Toddlers independently walk; walk backward, and up/down stairs with assistance. They climb on things, kick a ball with limited control, and throw a ball with limited control. Increased activity and physical abilities are demonstrated.

  • 19-24 months: Toddlers walk up and down stairs independently. They can jump, run, and throw a ball with more control. They can dance and swim for prolonged periods.

Infant and Toddler Cognitive Development

  • Birth-6 weeks: Infants coordinate sensation and action through reflexive behaviors like sucking, eye following, and grasping.

  • 6 weeks-4 months: Infants develop habits and primary circular reactions—repeating actions that initially occurred by chance (e.g., repeatedly moving hand).

  • 4-8 months: Infants develop secondary circular reactions—repeating actions that bring pleasurable results (e.g., grasping for a rattle). They coordinate vision and prehension, intentionally grasping for objects.

  • 8-12 months: Coordination of vision and touch and hand-eye coordination develops. Infants understand means and ends and begin to plan steps to meet objectives—representing the dawn of logic. They conduct pseudo-experiments, exploring the properties of objects.

  • 12-18 months: Infants become intrigued with the many properties of objects; they show curiosity to explore. They develop new ways to meet goals and conduct pseudo-experiments.

  • 18-24 months: Infants use symbols and develop primitive forms of creativity—an internal representational system is developing. They symbolize the problem-solving sequence before acting.

Infant and Toddler Socio-Emotional Development:

  • 0-6 months: Infants express emotions (happiness, sadness, hunger) through various cries and movements. They show excitement or pleasure with movement and facial expressions. They like playing with water and show fear/hesitation towards strangers.

  • 7-12 months: Infants are more expressive, more responsive to social interactions, and display various emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, and fear) through cries, smiles, and other expressions. They start to show affection and prefer familiar people.

  • 13-18 months: Infants demonstrate increased self-regulation skills, ability to calm down, and follow simple routines. They can express emotions (shame, pride, guilt).

  • 19-24 months: Infants are more aware of others feelings, understand simple rules, show more developed self-awareness, and show more complex emotional behaviors. They can show affection to familiar people.

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Description

This quiz explores the key milestones in physical development for infants and toddlers from birth to 24 months. It covers sensory responses in early infancy, as well as motor skills and physical abilities as they grow. Test your knowledge on how babies and toddlers evolve physically during their crucial first two years.

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