Inequalities Study Guide
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Questions and Answers

What is the correct inequality representation for having at least 35 boys on the football team?

  • b > 35
  • b ≥ 35 (correct)
  • b ≤ 35
  • b < 35

The inequality $−2x + 4 > 16$ can be solved by isolating the variable x on one side.

True (A)

What is the solution to the inequality $40 ≤ −3x + 10$?

x ≤ -10

The graph of $y ≥ 7$ includes all values of y that are ___ or greater.

<p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following inequalities with their descriptions:

<p>$y ≥ 7$ = Includes the value 7 and all greater values $−2x + 4 &gt; 16$ = A linear inequality in one variable $40 ≤ −3x + 10$ = An inequality that needs to be solved for x At least 35 boys = An inequality representing a minimum amount</p> Signup and view all the answers

When graphed, the inequality $−2x + 4 > 16$ will have a solution that is?

<p>Open circle at 8 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation $−2x + 4 < 16$ has a solution x < 8.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solution to the inequality $y > 7$ will be graphed with a ___ circle on the number line.

<p>open</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the solution to the inequality $7x - 2 \geq -16$?

<p>$x \geq -2$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

No more than 250 students went on the field trip.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much does Charles save per week?

<p>$5</p> Signup and view all the answers

If Charles wants to save at least $75, he needs to save for ___ weeks.

<p>15</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 18 students rode in cars, how many filled each of the five buses if a maximum of 250 students attended?

<p>44 students per bus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Charles earns $15 for mowing his neighbor's yard.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The inequality $-5 < m \leq 1$ indicates that m is greater than _____ and less than or equal to 1.

<p>-5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the number with the appropriate operation in the given scenarios:

<p>18 = Students in cars 5 = Number of buses $5 = Money saved per week $15 = Reward for mowing yard</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in solving the inequality $20x + 40 eq -80$?

<p>Subtract 40 from both sides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solution to the inequality $20x + 40 eq -80$ is $x > 4$.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final solution for $x$ in the inequality $20x + 40 eq -80$?

<p>x &gt; 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

To graph the inequality $20x + 40 eq -80$, the critical point to mark on the number line is ____.

<p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following steps in solving the inequality with their descriptions:

<p>Step 1 = Simplify the inequality Step 2 = Isolate the variable Step 3 = Determine the inequality direction Step 4 = Graph the results</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the solution to the inequality $7x - 2 ≤ -9$?

<p>$x ≤ -1$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solution to the inequality $2x + 3 > -60$ is $x > -31$.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the graph representation of the inequality $t ≤ -1$?

<p>A solid line at $t = -1$ with shading to the left.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solution to the compound inequality $w ≤ -3$ or $w > 6$ can be expressed as w is in the ______ or ______.

<p>(-∞, -3] or (6, ∞)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each inequality with its representation:

<p>$t ≤ -1$ = Solid line at -1, shading to the left $w ≤ -3$ = Solid line at -3, shading to the left $w &gt; 6$ = Dashed line at 6, shading to the right $2x + 3 &gt; -60$ = Open region above a line at x = -31</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which inequality symbol represents 'less than'?

<p>&lt; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The inequality symbol '≥' means 'greater than or equal to'.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the symbols '>' and '≥'?

<blockquote> <p>indicates greater than, whereas ≥ includes equality.</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

In the inequality $x < 5$, the value of x must be ___ than 5.

<p>less</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following inequality symbols with their meanings:

<p>&lt; = Less than</p> <blockquote> <p>= Greater than ≤ = Less than or equal to ≥ = Greater than or equal to</p> </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Inequality

A mathematical statement showing that one quantity is greater than or equal to another.

Graphing an Inequality

A graphical representation of an inequality on a number line.

Solving an Inequality

The process of finding all possible values of a variable that satisfy an inequality.

Greater than or equal to

A mathematical statement that uses 'greater than or equal to' symbol (≥ ).

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Graphing a Solution Set

A representation of a solution to an inequality on a number line.

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Writing an Inequality

Expressing a real-world situation as an inequality.

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Solving for a Variable

The process of isolating a variable by performing inverse operations on both sides of the inequality.

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Finding Possible Solutions

Finding the value of a variable that makes the inequality true.

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Solve Inequality

An inequality where the variable is isolated on one side and the constant on the other, indicating the possible values of the variable.

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Graph Inequality

A number line where all values that satisfy the inequality are shaded, including the boundary point if the inequality includes "or equal to".

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Solving Inequalities

To solve an inequality, isolate the variable using inverse operations, remembering to flip the inequality sign if you multiply or divide by a negative number.

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Inequality Solution

A solution to an inequality is any value that makes the inequality true.

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Compound Inequality

A compound inequality includes two inequalities joined by "or" or "and". A solution must satisfy both inequalities for "and" and at least one for "or".

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Isolating the variable

The first step in solving an inequality is to isolate the variable on one side of the inequality symbol.

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Inverse operations

To isolate the variable, use inverse operations (opposite operations) on both sides of the inequality.

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Flipping the inequality symbol

When multiplying or dividing both sides of an inequality by a negative number, flip the inequality symbol.

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Inequality 5 < -10

Solve 5 < -10. This inequality is false because 5 is greater than -10.

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Solve 7x - 2 ≥ -16

Simplify the inequality by adding 2 to both sides: 7x - 2 + 2 ≥ -16 + 2. Combine like terms: 7x ≥ -14. Divide both sides by 7: x ≥ -2.

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Charles' Savings

Let 'w' represent the number of weeks. Charles saves $5 per week and earns an extra $15, so his total savings are 5w + 15. We want to find out when this amount is at least $75. Set up the inequality: 5w + 15 ≥ 75. Solve for 'w': 5w ≥ 60. Divide both sides by 5: w ≥ 12. Charles needs at least 12 weeks to save at least $75.

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Field Trip Bus Capacity

Let 'b' represent the number of students on each bus. 18 students rode in cars, leaving the rest on the buses. The total number of students on buses is 250 - 18 = 232. With 5 buses, the number of students on each bus is 232 / 5 = 46.4. Since we can't have a fraction of a student, there were 46 students on each bus.

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Solve -5 < m ≤ 1

Solve -5 < m ≤ 1. This inequality means the value of 'm' is greater than -5 and less than or equal to 1.

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Graphing -5 < m ≤ 1

A number line representation of -5 < m ≤ 1 will show a hollow circle at -5 (not included) and a filled circle at 1 (included). The line segment between the two points will represent all values of 'm' that satisfy the inequality.

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Inequality Symbols

Symbols used to show comparisons between quantities that are not equal. These symbols indicate whether one quantity is greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, or less than or equal to another.

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What is an Inequality?

A statement that compares two expressions using inequality symbols. For example, 5 > 3 (5 is greater than 3) or x ≤ 10 (x is less than or equal to 10).

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Flipping the Inequality Sign

When multiplying or dividing both sides of an inequality by a negative number, you must flip the inequality symbol to maintain a true statement. For example, if 2x > 6, then dividing both sides by -2 results in x < -3.

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Study Notes

Inequalities - Study Guide

  • Graphing Inequalities: Represent inequalities on a number line. Use a closed circle for 'less than or equal to' or 'greater than or equal to' and an open circle for 'less than' or 'greater than'.
  • Solving Inequalities (1-variable): Follow arithmetic principles to isolate the variable. Remember to reverse the inequality symbol when multiplying or dividing by a negative number.
  • Inequality word problems: Translate words into inequalities and then solve them using the correct mathematical steps and logic.

Example Problems

  • Problem 1: Graph the inequality y ≥ 7
    • Graph a closed circle at 7 on the number line and draw an arrow to the right.
  • Problem 2: Solve 40 ≤ −3x + 10
    • Subtract 10 from both sides: 30 ≤ −3x
    • Divide both sides by -3, and reverse the inequality sign : -10 ≥ x (or x ≤ -10)
  • Problem 3: Solve 7x - 2 ≤ -16
    • Add 2 to both sides 7x ≤ -14
    • Divide by 7 x ≤ -2
    • Graph a closed circle at -2 and a line extending to the left.
  • Problem 4: Charles saves $5 per week. He earns extra $15 for yard work. How many weeks for at least $75?
    • Let 'w' represent the number of weeks.
    • Create inequality 5w + 15 ≥ 75
    • Solve for w: w ≥ 12 weeks
  • Problem 5: Solve -2x + 4 > 16
    • Subtract 4 from both sides: -2x > 12
    • Divide by -2 and reverse the sign: x < -6
    • Graph an open circle at -6 and a line extending to the left.
  • Problem 6: Write the inequality: At least 35 boys on the football team
    • Let 'b' represent the number of boys. b ≥ 35
  • Problem 7: Solve x ≤ −5
    • Graph a closed circle at -5 and a line extending to the left.
  • Problem 8: For a field trip, 18 students rode in cars. The remaining students filled 5 buses. No more than 250 students on the trip. How many students on each bus ? -Let 's' be the number of students per bus. -Create the Inequality 18 + 5s ≤ 250 -Solve for s: s ≤ 46.4 or 46 students max.
  • Additional Problems (Page 2):
    • Solve and graph the inequalities (problems 9-15) using the same principles. Pay attention to the 'or' and 'and' keywords in some inequality statements (e.g., problem 15).
    • Solve 7x - 2 ≤ -9 (x ≤ -1)
    • Graph -5 < m ≤ 1 (open circle at -5, closed circle at 1, line between)
    • Solve 2(x + 3) > -60 (x > -33)
    • Graph t ≤ −1 (closed circle at -1, line to the left)
    • Solve 20x + 40 ≤ -80 (x≤-6)
    • Graph w ≤ −3 or w > 6 (two separate number lines)
    • Solve x ≥ -2
    • Graph x ≥ -2 (closed circle at -2, line to the right).

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Description

This study guide covers the fundamentals of inequalities, including graphing on a number line, solving one-variable inequalities, and translating word problems into inequality statements. You'll learn crucial concepts such as using open and closed circles and properly handling inequalities during multiplication and division.

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