Industrial Scientific Chapter 2 Mine Rescue
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of an air cylinder?

  • To administer oxygen to patients
  • To store a quantity of breathable air under pressure (correct)
  • To regulate the flow of oxygen
  • To store compressed air for oxygen therapy

    • What factors affect the duration of an air cylinder?

  • The user's level of exertion, physical condition, and breathing rate (correct)
  • The purity of the compressed air and the type of valve used
  • The temperature and humidity of the environment
  • The size of the cylinder and the type of apparatus

    • What is the primary concern when storing oxygen cylinders?

  • Storing them with oxidizers and combustibles
  • Keeping them in a cool, well-ventilated area (correct)
  • Labeling them with warning signs
  • Ensuring they are fully charged

    • What is the purpose of a valve protection cap on an oxygen cylinder?

    <p>To protect the valve from damage during storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to keep cylinders secure at all times?

    <p>To prevent accidents caused by rolling cylinders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended practice when changing cylinders?

    <p>Open valves slowly and check for leaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hydrostatic testing for oxygen cylinders?

    <p>To ensure the cylinder meets the manufacturer's specifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to post signage when using oxygen cylinders?

    <p>To warn others of the potential hazards of oxygen use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of oxygen therapy?

    <p>It provides relief from respiratory distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done when transporting oxygen cylinders?

    <p>The cylinders should be secured and capped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the top layer of skin when exposed to extreme cold?

    <p>It feels hard but the deeper tissue still feels soft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause mild cases of frostnip?

    <p>Exposure to extreme cold or contact with extremely cold objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of mild frostnip?

    <p>Inflammation of the skin in patches accompanied by slight pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen in severe cases of frostnip?

    <p>Tissue damage occurs without pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause frostnip to occur in normal temperatures?

    <p>Contact with cooled or compressed gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the deeper tissue in frostnip?

    <p>It feels soft and warm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that influences the size and speed of the resonance wave created by a vehicle on ice?

    <p>Weight and speed of the vehicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended speed limit for a loaded vehicle on an ice road?

    <p>25 km/h</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of the resonance wave created by a vehicle on ice?

    <p>Ice failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected survival time for a person with moderate hypothermia in cold water?

    <p>1-3 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contributing factor to hypothermia?

    <p>Wetness and cold air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the H.E.L.P. acronym stand for?

    <p>Not mentioned in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to skin exposed to cold air temperatures for several hours?

    <p>It turns white and may feel numb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body parts are most susceptible to cold exposure?

    <p>Ear lobes, noses, cheeks, fingers, and toes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature range for cold air exposure?

    <p>From above freezing to as high as 16°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of prolonged exposure to cold air temperatures?

    <p>It makes skin turn white and feel numb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of cold air exposure that can cause skin damage?

    <p>Several hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of cold air on the skin?

    <p>It makes skin turn white and feel numb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of cold air exposure?

    <p>It can cause skin to turn white and feel numb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of repeated exposure to cold air temperatures?

    <p>It makes skin turn white and feel numb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mine Rescue Team Structure and Operations

    • A mine rescue team consists of an active team, a back-up team, and a team at rest, with each team having a specific role and duration of operation
    • The active team is responsible for the initial response and rescue efforts, while the back-up team provides support and relief, and the team at rest recovers and prepares for the next rotation

    Mine Rescue Team Members' Roles and Responsibilities

    • Team members are responsible for communications, decision-making, and personal protective equipment requirements
    • They must also ensure team response readiness, breathing apparatus and auxiliary equipment response readiness, and safe operation of all rescue equipment
    • Team members are responsible for directing and assisting each other at the scene, determining and inspecting all aspects of a rescue operation, and establishing and maintaining incident scene security and control
    • They must also explore the affected area of the mine, perform rope work and rigging, firefighting, and first aid and extrication

    Information Gathering During Emergency Response

    • Information gathered during emergency response includes nature and location of emergency, number of people/injuries involved, weather conditions, and equipment involved and access to the scene
    • Details observed en route and at the scene, including signs of hazardous conditions, are also important
    • Information gathered during size-up is categorized as factual (known or confirmed) or probable (assumptions made based on situation)

    Personal Protective Equipment and Safety

    • Personal protective equipment includes head protection, eye and face protection, hearing protection, respiratory protection, hand protection, foot protection, and protective clothing
    • A clean area with good lighting, a safe location, and necessary tools and supplies are essential for rescue operations
    • The travel way from the base to the surface must always be assured of good air, and underground-to-surface communication must be uninterrupted

    Avalanche Safety

    • Avalanches rarely start on slopes steeper than 45° as snow sloughs off continuously rather than accumulating
    • Snow conditions, environmental effects, and an external event that triggers the slide contribute to avalanche risk
    • Trigger points, including snow layers, shallow areas/variable depth snow packs, and points of weakness, may contribute to avalanche development
    • Start from a point, and set in motion progressively; require snow with poor cohesion, similar to dry sand; and are usually confined to surface layers and relatively small

    Avalanche Prevention and Response

    • Wear mitts and hats, tighten clothing, and loosen larger packs in case they need to be quickly removed
    • Assign a spotter at the top and bottom of the track and agree on a warning signal
    • Cross quickly, and maintain space between rescuers to minimize the risk of exposure to an avalanche track

    Ice Safety

    • Type of ice includes river or lake ice, clear or natural ice, and slush ice
    • Cracks in ice may affect its ability to support a load
    • Loads should be reduced by at least 15% on river or lake ice
    • Symptoms of heat-related illnesses include fluid loss, sudden fainting, cool, moist skin, weak pulse, and elevated body temperature
    • Treatment includes moving to a cooler location, providing water, removing excess clothing, and seeking medical attention if necessary

    Ice Roads and Ice Thickness

    • As a vehicle travels on ice, it creates a resonance wave in the underlying water, affecting the strength of the ice and potentially causing a blowout or ice failure.
    • The speed limit on ice roads is 25 km/h for a loaded vehicle and 35 km/h for an empty vehicle, unless otherwise posted.

    Ice Thickness and Clear Blue Lake Ice

    • No specific notes for this section, as it appears to be a blank table.

    Hypothermia and Water Immersion

    • Factors that increase the risk of hypothermia include inadequate clothing, alcohol or drugs, wetness, exhaustion, dehydration, lack of nutrition, wind, and water.
    • The expected survival time for a person in cold water depends on the water temperature, with survival times ranging from 15 minutes to indefinitely.

    Hypothermia Severity

    • Mild hypothermia: no specific symptoms mentioned.
    • Moderate hypothermia: no specific symptoms mentioned.
    • Severe hypothermia: no specific symptoms mentioned.
    • H.E.L.P. stands for Heat Escape Lessening Position.
    • Cold-related injuries can occur from exposure to extreme cold or contact with extremely cold objects.
    • Mild cases of cold-related injuries may involve inflammation of the skin, accompanied by slight pain.
    • Severe cases of cold-related injuries may involve tissue damage without pain.
    • Prolonged and repeated exposure to cold air temperatures can also cause cold-related injuries.
    • Affected skin may turn white and feel numb, especially in areas such as ear lobes, noses, cheeks, fingers, or toes.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the mine rescue chapter 2, including team structure, communication, decision-making processes, and personnel training. It is designed for industrial scientific personnel.

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