Industrial Revolution Overview

Specialized tasks increased individual productivity during the Industrial Revolution.

Introduced cotton and wool machines powered by steam, transforming textile production.

Developments like canals, steamboats, and railroads enhanced trade and migration.

Period post-1870 marked by electricity, petroleum, and new technologies.

Growth in production techniques for iron and steel, crucial for construction and manufacturing.

Period of technological advancements starting in Great Britain in the 18th century.

Increase in population due to higher birth rates than death rates in 18th century England.

Improvements in farming techniques and land ownership transformation during the 18th century.

Early factories that used manual labor until the introduction of the steam engine.

Inventor of the steam engine, crucial for powering the First Industries.

Transportation vessels that utilized steam power to move goods and people across oceans.

A management theory developed by Frederick W. Taylor, focusing on efficiency through task division and time management.

A manufacturing process pioneered by Henry Ford, where products move through stations for mass production.

The role of abundant resources and a large market in enhancing farming output in the USA.

The quick adoption of new technologies that fueled industrial growth in these countries.

Businesses owned by shareholders, allowing the sale of negotiable shares in the stock market.

Government investments, especially in railways, were crucial for Russia's industrialization.

Types of business structures including cartels, trusts, and holdings, often to control market production.

Industrial cities faced challenges like inadequate housing and sanitation for the population.

The significant growth of population and migration patterns during industrialization.

The hierarchical divisions within society based on wealth and power.

The high class that maintained prestigious positions and opulent lifestyles.

The working class including workers and women with low salaries.

Movement where workers destroyed machinery to protest poor working conditions.

Workers' collective efforts through strikes and unions for better conditions.

A political ideology that advocates for class struggle and the ultimate overthrow of capitalism to establish a classless society.

An ideology opposing all forms of state control and promoting voluntary associations and collective property ownership.

Established in 1864, it was an early international organization of workers that aimed to unite various socialist and labor movements.

Factors leading to imperialism in the 19th century, including economic need for resources and political desire for dominance.

Founded in 1889, it coordinated various Marxist organizations after the dissolution of the IWA due to disagreements.

Patriotism and belief in cultural superiority, often with racial implications.

Efforts to convert indigenous peoples to Christianity, often through Catholic missions.

Major colonies included India, Africa, Canada, and Oceania under British control.

Colonies have complete control, protectorates have local governance but controlled foreign policy, concessions are independent with agreements.

Significant territories controlled by France, primarily in Africa during colonialism.