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Questions and Answers
What marked the shift from the cottage industry to centralized factories during the Industrial Revolution?
What marked the shift from the cottage industry to centralized factories during the Industrial Revolution?
- Importation of cotton from India
- Increased demand for cotton
- Employment of more families
- Development of water-powered machines (correct)
Which invention significantly increased the efficiency of thread production?
Which invention significantly increased the efficiency of thread production?
- Seed drill
- Steam engine
- Spinning jenny (correct)
- Water frame
What was a direct consequence of the agricultural revolution preceding the Industrial Revolution?
What was a direct consequence of the agricultural revolution preceding the Industrial Revolution?
- Movement of farmers to cities (correct)
- Increase in rural population
- Decline in food production
- Development of new textiles
Which factor was NOT crucial for Britain's leadership in the Industrial Revolution?
Which factor was NOT crucial for Britain's leadership in the Industrial Revolution?
In what year was the power loom developed, contributing to textile production?
In what year was the power loom developed, contributing to textile production?
What was the primary power source for factories following the invention of the steam engine?
What was the primary power source for factories following the invention of the steam engine?
Which invention aided in improving river transportation during the Industrial Revolution?
Which invention aided in improving river transportation during the Industrial Revolution?
What was a significant result of the increased efficiency in the textile industry?
What was a significant result of the increased efficiency in the textile industry?
Flashcards
Cottage Industry
Cottage Industry
A system where individuals work from home, producing goods on a small scale (usually using hand tools). It was common in the textile industry before the Industrial Revolution.
Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
The period of significant technological advancements, primarily in Britain, that transformed society and moved production from homes to factories. It started in the textile industry.
Factors of Production
Factors of Production
A group of factors that contribute to the growth and success of an industry. Examples include natural resources, skilled labor, and financial capital.
Agricultural Revolution
Agricultural Revolution
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Steam Engine
Steam Engine
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Spinning Jenny
Spinning Jenny
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Enclosures
Enclosures
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Steam Locomotive
Steam Locomotive
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Study Notes
The Industrial Revolution
- Began in Britain during the 18th century, marked by a significant increase in production.
- Started with an agricultural revolution, where large landowners enclosed common land, displacing small farmers, who moved to cities.
- New farm methods, like Jethro Tull's seed drill, increased farm output, improving diets and population growth.
- Fewer farmers were needed, leading to a workforce shift towards factory work.
- Britain's industrialization was facilitated by abundant natural resources (coal, water, iron ore, rivers, harbors, and banks).
- Britain had the necessary factors of production (land, labor, and capital) for industrialization.
Textile Industry Innovations
- The cottage industry was slow; inventors developed tools like the spinning jenny and water-powered loom to accelerate cloth production.
- Manufacturers built large factories near rivers for water power to house and operate large machines.
- Innovations like Richard Arkwright's water frame, Samuel Crompton's spinning mule, and Edmund Cartwright's power loom sped up cloth production.
Transportation Improvements
- The steam engine, invented in 1705, provided a new power source, used in factories and later transportation.
- Robert Fulton's steam-driven boat allowed faster transport of goods along rivers and canals.
- George Stephenson's steam-driven locomotive ushered in the railroad era starting in the 1820s, which greatly improved transportation across Britain.
Overall Impact
- The Industrial Revolution led to industrial growth, job creation in various industries, and easier nationwide travel.
- Businesses used new inventions for higher productivity and efficiency.
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