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Industrial Revolution in the US

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Questions and Answers

What period marked the transformation from craft production to mass production in the United States?

The First Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Era

The Second Industrial Revolution (correct)

The American Manufacturing Revolution

What was the result of the rise of American factories during the Second Industrial Revolution?

American industries began to merge

American factories began to decline

American wages and wealth decreased

American wages, wealth, capital, and GDP all rose at the fastest rate (correct)

Who is credited with patenting an inexpensive way to process steel in 1855?

Alexander Graham Bell

George Westinghouse

Henry Bessemer (correct)

Thomas Edison

What was the result of the Bessemer steel process?

The mechanization of industry Signup and view all the answers

What change occurred in the labor force as a result of the Bessemer steel process?

Factories were staffed by masses of unskilled laborers Signup and view all the answers

What was the next important step in America's manufacturing transformation after the Bessemer steel process?

A distinct new style of management Signup and view all the answers

Why was Henry Bessemer's invention crucial to the Second Industrial Revolution?

It allowed for the mechanization of industry Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant innovation in large enterprises starting from the 1870s?

Creation of bureaucracies with a systematic chain of command Signup and view all the answers

What was Frederick Taylor's goal in applying scientific and industrial concepts to factory work?

To make human workers more efficient Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of scientific management, according to the text?

Increased friction between management and labor Signup and view all the answers

Since the early 19th century, how has the U.S. Supreme Court treated corporations?

As individuals with all rights and limitations Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a simple monopoly, according to the text?

A single gas station with no competitors Signup and view all the answers

What is horizontal integration, as described in the text?

A practice of buying out or running out of business competitors Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a vertical monopoly, as described in the text?

Elimination of middle men and retention of profits within the corporation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a trust, as described in the text?

To oversee the operations of multiple corporations Signup and view all the answers