Questions and Answers
What is the important power source of the Industrial Revolution?
Steam engine
How did people's lifestyles change in Britain with the start of the Industrial Revolution?
Rural way of life began to disappear
What factors contributed to the start of the Industrial Revolution?
Population growth and natural resources
What changes revolutionized the textile industry?
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What caused rapid urbanization to occur during the Industrial Revolution?
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How did the factory system change the way people worked?
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Why did middle-class business leaders support laissez-faire economics?
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How did utilitarians seek to modify laissez-faire ideas?
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Study Notes
Lifestyle Changes in Britain
- The rural way of life began to decline with the onset of the Industrial Revolution.
- People shifted from agricultural work to urban industrial jobs, changing familial and social dynamics.
Importance of the Steam Engine
- The steam engine emerged as a crucial power source, driving machinery and improving production efficiency.
- It facilitated advancements in transportation, including railways and steamships, further fueling industrial growth.
Contributing Factors to the Industrial Revolution
- Population growth provided a larger labor force for factories.
- Abundance of natural resources, such as coal and iron, supplied necessary materials for industry.
Textile Industry Innovations
- The flying shuttle enhanced weaving speed and efficiency.
- The spinning Jenny allowed for multiple spools of thread to be spun simultaneously, increasing textile production.
Causes of Rapid Urbanization
- Changes in farming methods reduced the need for agricultural labor, pushing people towards cities.
- A soaring population created a demand for industrial workers, leading to mass migration to urban areas.
Factory System Transformations
- The factory system standardized work processes regardless of seasonal changes, resulting in more consistent production output.
- Jobs became more specialized and segmented, impacting traditional work structures.
Support for Laissez-Faire Economics
- Middle-class business leaders endorsed laissez-faire principles believing a free market would benefit broader society, not only the wealthy.
- The hope was that unrestricted business practices would lead to economic growth and improvement in living standards.
Utilitarian Approach to Laissez-Faire
- Utilitarians advocated for some level of government regulation to address inequalities and protect workers' rights.
- Their goal was to balance free market advantages with social welfare concerns through moderate intervention.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Industrial Revolution with these flashcards. From the significance of the steam engine to the changes in lifestyle in Britain, these cards cover crucial aspects of this transformative period. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of this era.
