Industrial Revolution Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What were the social effects of the Industrial Revolution?

Housing differences between classes

Increased social mobility

Improvements in education

All of the above (correct)

What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on housing?

There were crowded working-class districts for the poor and large houses for the wealthy.

What does social mobility refer to in the context of the Industrial Revolution?

The possibility to change to a different class through wealth or marriage.

How did the education system change due to the Industrial Revolution?

Children were educated to a literacy level to prepare them for work in industries. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary role of women during the Industrial Revolution?

Not allowed to work Signup and view all the answers

What were the health conditions of the working class during the Industrial Revolution?

Poor living and working conditions made them more vulnerable to diseases. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the 1842 General Board of Health?

To improve the health conditions of citizens, especially the working class. Signup and view all the answers

What dietary differences existed between the working and upper classes?

The working class had limited diets, eating meat only on certain days, while the upper class enjoyed imported luxurious foods. Signup and view all the answers

What were the Factory Acts of 1833 designed to do?

Limit the number of hours women and children could work in factories. Signup and view all the answers

What was the intent behind child protection laws during the Industrial Revolution?

To ensure children were treated properly in factories and workplaces. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Significant changes in living conditions and social structures emerged due to rapid industrialization.
The gap between rich and poor widened, affecting residential patterns, health, and social dynamics.

Housing: Between Rich and Poor

Working-class districts were overcrowded with multiple families living in single homes; in Germany, some homes housed up to 20 adults.
Wealthy individuals resided in large houses with amenities like gas lighting, while the poor relied on candles for illumination.
The shift from agricultural life to urban settings required adjustments from the working class, leading to new social dynamics.

The Industrial Revolution increased opportunities for social mobility, allowing individuals to change classes through wealth accumulation or marriage.
Factory owners from the working class could ascend to the upper class, which reduced the rigidity of class separation.
Greater overlap between social classes emerged, impacting society and politics.

Education

Education improved for working-class children, who gained literacy skills necessary for industrial jobs.
Upper-class children were already educated, creating disparities in access to education.
Educational advancements supported the workforce needed for industrial growth.

Position of Women: Working-Class vs. Upper-Class

Women were not regarded as heads of families; their roles were largely defined by their husband's status.
Working-class women typically worked in factories, while upper-class women, despite having education, were expected not to work.
Social attitudes limited employment opportunities for women, and their roles were less affected by industrialization.

Health and Welfare: Working-Class vs. Upper-Class

Poor living and working conditions made the working class susceptible to diseases, while the upper class enjoyed better health outcomes.
Urban pollution and inadequate sanitation systems contributed to health crises in working-class communities.
Responses included the establishment of sewage systems to improve public health.

1842 General Board of Health

This organization was established through legislation aimed at improving public health, particularly for the working class.
Local authorities faced resistance in funding health improvements due to taxation concerns.
The board's existence highlighted the ongoing struggles for health reform amidst public health crises.

Diets: Working-Class vs. Upper-Class

Working-class diets were deficient, relying mainly on cheap foods like potatoes and consuming meat infrequently, leading to nutritional deficiencies.
Upper-class diets featured imported, luxurious foods, significantly enhancing their health and wellbeing.
Nutritional disparities contributed to increased disease rates in children from the working class.

Factory Acts 1833

Legislation aimed to limit work hours for women and children in factories to improve working conditions.
Although intended to help the working class, some families opposed these laws since they relied on income from all family members.
The act led to the establishment of factory inspections for compliance, regulating labor practices.

Protection of Children: Include Prussia, Germany, and France

Efforts were made to ensure child welfare across various European countries, addressing the exploitation of child labor in factories.
Laws and regulations were prompted by the adverse effects of industrialization on children's health and development.

Description

Explore the social effects of the Industrial Revolution through these informative flashcards. Learn about the stark housing differences between the wealthy and the working-class, and how these changes shaped society. Ideal for students studying history or social sciences.