Industrial and Household Toxicology: Types and Mechanisms of Toxicity
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Questions and Answers

What are the characteristic properties of carbon monoxide gas?

  • Colorless, odorless, tasteless, and nonirritating (correct)
  • Colorless, odorless, sweet, and irritating
  • Blue, smelly, sour, and irritating
  • Red, odorless, bitter, and irritating

    • What is the primary endogenous source of carbon monoxide?

  • Virus infection
  • Normal heme catabolism (correct)
  • Bacterial infection
  • Anemia

    • Which of the following is NOT an exogenous source of carbon monoxide?

  • Cigarette smoke
  • Automobile exhaust
  • Gas-powered electrical generators
  • Methylene chloride (correct)

    • Why is carbon monoxide considered an extremely stable molecule?

    <p>It has a triple bond between carbon and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common manifestation of carbon monoxide poisoning?

    <p>Headache and dizziness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would normal heme catabolism lead to the production of carbon monoxide?

    <p>Hemolytic anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does methylene chloride exposure mainly occur?

    <p>Inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to the formation of carbon monoxide (CO) in the body after exposure to methylene chloride?

    <p>Biodegradation by the liver mixed function oxidases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the affinity of carbon monoxide (CO) for hemoglobin compared to oxygen (O2)?

    <p>250 times the affinity of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does carbon monoxide (CO) affect oxygen (O2) transport in the body?

    <p>It displaces and prevents oxygen binding to hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the long-term effects of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure on the cardiac system?

    <p>Increased risk of premature cardiac death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition to binding to hemoglobin, carbon monoxide (CO) also binds to which iron-containing protein?

    <p>Myoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure on the respiratory system?

    <p>Induction of neurogenic pulmonary edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At high levels of exposure, carbon monoxide (CO) can lead to which syndrome that is associated with a high mortality rate?

    <p>Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical half-life of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in room air?

    <p>240-360 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Apart from volcanic gases and human pollution, what is another source of environmental exposure to carbon monoxide?

    <p>Combustion engine exhaust</p> Signup and view all the answers

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