Questions and Answers
________ Gamelan is used for court music.
Javanese
Balinese Gamelan is used for ________ music.
sacred
Javanese Gamelan is ________ dominated.
percussion
The style of playing Javanese Gamelan gives a ________ character.
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Balinese Gamelan consists of ________ and mostly gongs.
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In Balinese Gamelan, sudden change of tempo and ________ are the basic characteristics.
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The sounds in Balinese Gamelan are very bright and ________.
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Balinese Gamelan features the use of fast and ________ sounds.
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The sounds of cymbals make ________ characters in Balinese Gamelan.
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Javanese Gamelan is known for its ________ character.
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Study Notes
Indonesian Music Scales
- Slendro: A scale consisting of five equidistant tones within an octave.
- Peloq: A heptatonic scale featuring seven tones, including semitones.
- Both scales are integral to Indonesian vocal and instrumental music, enabling complex melodies.
- Interlocking: A technique used in gong ensembles that creates a polyphonic, stratified melody.
- Irama: The Indonesian term for tempo, essential for the rhythm of the music.
Gamelan
- Gamelan is the most popular musical form in Indonesia, with various types, primarily Javanese and Balinese.
- Instruments include metallophones, xylophones, kendang, gongs, bamboo flutes, and both bowed and plucked string instruments.
- Pesindhen: A female soloist who performs alongside the Gamelan.
- Gerong: A male chorus that sings in unison with the Gamelan.
Gamelan Orchestras
- Gamelan orchestras accompany various forms of performance including dances, songs, and Wayang Kulit (shadow puppet theatre).
- Instruments are regarded as sacred; disrespect includes stepping over them.
- Musicians demonstrate respect by bowing before performing.
Cambodian Music
- Pinpeat: A Cambodian musical ensemble that typically supports court ceremonial music.
- Essential for accompanying court dances, masked performances, shadow plays, and religious ceremonies.
- Similar to Thailand's Piphat ensemble, it generally comprises nine or ten instruments.
Pinpeat Instruments
- Samphor: A double-headed drum played by hand (membranophone).
- Oneat: Xylophones (idiophone).
- Chhing: Finger cymbals (idiophone).
- Kongvong: Gong circles (idiophone).
- Skorthom: Two large drums comparable to Japanese drums (membranophone).
Types of Gamelan: Javanese vs. Balinese
-
Javanese Gamelan:
- Designed for court music.
- Characterized by percussion dominance.
- Produces a solemn musicality.
-
Balinese Gamelan:
- Focused on sacred music.
- Composed mainly of metallophones, contributing to its unique sound.
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Description
Explore the fundamentals of Indonesian music scales, including the Slendro and Peloq systems. Understand the polyphonic nature of Indonesian melodies and learn about the Gamelan orchestra and its characteristics. This quiz will deepen your appreciation for the rich musical traditions of Indonesia.
