Individual vs Dual Sports

Individual vs Dual Sports

• Individual sports involve one athlete competing independently.
• Examples of individual sports: track and field, cross country, swimming, golf, table tennis, badminton, skiing, snowboarding, and gymnastics
• Dual sports involve two athletes competing together as a team.
• Examples of dual sports: beach volleyball and tag team wrestling tag.
• Some sports can be played both individually or as a duo: badminton, table tennis, racquetball.

Pros & Cons: Individual Sports

• Pros: Individual sports allow athletes to take full responsibility for the outcome and receive total credit for victories.
• Cons: Athletes also bear the blame for losses without a teammate to rely on, creating added discouragement.

Pros & Cons: Dual Sports

• Pros: Dual sports promote camaraderie and teamwork, with teammates encouraging each other. Teammates can provide support when one struggles.
• Cons: Dual sports results in less control over the outcome and the risk of being burdened by a teammate's poor performance.

Team Sports

• Team sports involve cooperation and the specialisation of roles on teams.
• Examples of team sports: football, baseball, basketball, volleyball, hockey, lacrosse, and relays in swimming or track and field.
• Individual or dual sports can transition into team events in competitions like the Olympics, Davis Cup, and Ryder Cup; athletes compete individually or as duos while contributing to a team score.

Badminton: Objectives

• To hit the shuttlecock over the net so it lands inside the court boundaries.
• The primary objective is for a player to score 21 points before their opponent.
• A match is best of three games.

Benefits of Playing Badminton

• Playing badminton increases aerobic fitness through improved oxygen circulation, boosting endurance.
• It burns calories using energy from muscles instead of fat.
• It boosts flexibility and sprint speed, enhances hand-eye coordination.
• It can improve concentration and mental strength, and cardiovascular fitness, strengthening the muscles in leg and arm.

History of Badminton

• In 5th century BC China, 'ti jian zi' involved kicking a shuttle without using hands.
• The game Battledore and Shuttlecock involved hitting a shuttlecock back and forth with a paddle, played in China, Japan, India, and Greece.
• By the 16th century, Battledore and Shuttlecock became popular among children in England and was known as "jeu de volant" in Europe.
• In the 1860s, Poona, similar to Battledore and Shuttlecock with added net, played in India.
• The British army took the equipment back to England in the 1870s.
• Badminton's name originates from Badminton House in Gloucestershire, the Duke of Beaufort's ancestral home where lawn parties occurred.
• In 1877, the Bath Badminton Club developed the first official rules.
• The Badminton Association of England was founded on September 13, 1893, organizing its first competition in 1899 called the All England Open Badminton Championships.

Expansion of Badminton

• In 1900 the All England Open Badminton Championships added singles competitions.
• This competition is still one of the most important.
• The first big IBF tournament was the Thomas Cup (men's world team championships) in 1948.
• By 1992, badminton achieved Olympic status at the Barcelona Games.
• The International Badminton Federation (IBF) has 9 founding members and was formed in 1934.

Badminton Equipment: Racket

• Lighter and narrower than a tennis racket, weighing around 3 oz.
• The head measures about 9 inches long and 11 inches wide.
• Racket materials include carbon fiber or lighter metals like aluminum.
• Parts include the head, throat, shaft, and handle, with a maximum length of 27.77 inches and a width of 9 inches.
• Strings are stretched across the racket opening in a checkerboard pattern
• Badminton rackets can vary from basic to professional models.

Parts of a Racket

• The body is called the frame, and includes the head, stringed area, throat, shaft, and handle.
• Per BWF laws, the length of the frame should be no longer than 680 mm or wider than 230 mm, with a weight of 80-100 grams when strung.
• The ring of material that holds the strings in place is called the head.
• It can be oval or rounded with holes for the lacing of the strings.
• The stringed area is made of nylon or carbon fiber, with maximum measurements of 280 mm in length and 220 mm in width per BWF rules.
• The throat connects the head to the shaft as a separate piece or integration in the head.
• The long rod between the throat and handle is called, the shaft.
• The shaft is often made from a composite material like graphite.
• The handle connects to the shaft; covered with a grip of towel or synthetic material.

Badminton Equipment: Shuttlecock

• It has two parts: a base usually made of cork, and a skirt made of natural feathers or synthetic material.

Types of Shuttles

• Plastic shuttles, also known as nylon shuttles, have skirts made from injection-molded plastic nylon.
• Synthetic feathered or hybrid shuttles have skirts of both synthetic and natural materials.
• Natural feathered shuttles use high-quality cork and feathers from specific animals, preferably goose.

Shuttlecock Measurements

• Sixteen feathers
• 62 mm to 70 mm feather length
• 58 mm to 68 mm feather tip diameter
• Feathers need to be fastened firmly with thread
• 25 mm to 28 mm in base diameter
• 4.74 to 5.50 grams in weight

Court Design and Dimensions

• It can be indoors using synthetic or hardwood surfaces with outer boundary lines.
• For singles, courts are 17 x 44 feet.
• For doubles, courts are 20 x 44 feet.
• A cross-court shot crosses the center line, going from one net corner to the other.
• Cross strings are perpendicular to the shaft.
• There are 21-23 crosses.
• It should be rectangles, marked with 1 1/2-inch wide lines of chalk (white or yellow).
• The court is 44 ft long and has a net 2 ft, 6 in wide.
• The net's top is suspended 5 ft from the court surface at the centerline.

Court Width

• The court is 20 feet wide for doubles
• For single, the sidelines are 17 feet wide.

Service Area

• A service court is 15 ft, 6 in long, beginning at the singles service line, extending 6 ft, 6 in from the net.

Badminton Net

• Height mandated by the Badminton World Federation
• Universally accepted net height: 5 feet in the center, 5 feet, 1 inch at the poles.
• The net can be natural or synthetic and should be fine, dark and even in thickness, with a mesh no larger than 20 mm.
• It has the dimensions of 2.5 feet tall and 20 feet wide, featuring a 3-inch white tape at the top to hold the net in place.

Badminton Poles

• Posts holding the net should be 5 ft tall and vertical after net stringing.
• The net ties to the posts with no gap.
• The net is placed lower than a volleyball net, 5 ft, 1 in on the sides, and 5 ft high in the center.
• Net length varies based on singles (17 ft) or doubles (22 ft).
• The net is 30 inches wide with a 3-inch white tape doubled over the top.

Basic Skills: Holding the Racket

• Do not grip the racket too tightly
• Correctly hold the racket with a firm handshake, gently pressing the thumb against the wider surface of the grip
• The ability to correctly hold the racquet

Forehand and Backhand Grips

• They differ in finger placement.
• While the index finger controls the racket in a forehand grip, the thumb controls the stroke in a backhand grip.

Badminton Fundamentals: Footwork

• One adjusts their movement according to the shuttlecock speed and footwork.
• Proper footwork helps players control their side of the court, saving energy.

Services

• The serve is crucial to prevent opponents from executing an attacking shot.
• By learning the types of badminton serve so that don't lose a point with the serve.
• High badminton serves push the opponent to the back, preventing smashes.
• Where low serves bring the opponent forward and prevent offensive shots.
• A flick serve tricks the opponent into believing a low serve is coming.

Badminton Stance

• The three stance types are used during a rally to take advantage.

Attacking Stance

• For attacking, get behind the shuttlecock, turn to the side in an angular form, lift both arms, shift body weight to the racket leg, and then hit it.

Badminton Stance Type

• Is the defensive, with open legs, bent knees, flexible upper body, raised arms. That stance is good for a high clear or serve.

Net Stance

• Hold your racket, place your racket foot forward and the non-racket one backward,
• place it in front of your body in front of your body above weight height.

Body Balance

• Body balance is achieved using the non-racket arm.
• Use one's body weight to place it slightly forward, allowing one to get ready when the opponent is likely to hit a net shot.

Basic Strokes

• There are four
• Overhand Forehand Stroke: generates power form the motion of the swing.
• Overhead Backhand Stroke: the body needs to turn backward
• Underarm Forehand Stroke: Hit a low shot with a lot of strength for a counterattack.
• Underarm Backhand Stroke: very straightforward.

Badminton Hand Grips

• Fundamental to success.
• Practice swapping from forehand to backhand whilst sat on the couch at home.
• The forehand grip is more similar to a handshake, want to hold it loosley. Gripping tight tense the muscle
• In the backhand position simply roll the thumb over so it sits flat on the grip.

Basic Six Corners Footwork

• The pieces of foot work are designed
• Travelling to the forehand side of the net
• Travelling to the back hand side of the net
• Covering the forehand mid-court
• Covering the backhand mid-court
• Moving to the forehand rear-court
• Moving to the backhand rear-court

Basic Shots

• The Serves
• The lift is also called a lob
• The net shot.
• The Black.
• The drop shot
• The smash
• The clear

Hand-Eye Coordination

• Hand-eye coordination is essential for Badminton.
• By practicing throwing and catching, juggling, Exercising your eyes
• As well as learning perception and anticiaption.
• And through strategic thinking the better Badminton will come.

Tactical and Stratigic thinking

• The shots make up tactics. The overall plans the strategies.
• Badminton Rules for Singles are also relevant; such as scoring, serving and faults.
• Winning 21 points makes up to one's objective.

Singular Dimension of court

• The length is 44 ft and the width is 22 ft
• The area is divided by a 5ft and 1 inch net. the lines are painted for such rules.
• Each match runs 15 minute game. Thus a Badminton runs 45 minute long.

Game Start

• A coin decides who begins.
• However, casual games can flip or use rock paper scissors.
• A referee arranges the toss procedures- such rules may however change after.

Important Notes on Serve

• Server is on service box before the serve. Must be inside and have his feet grounded.
• The must fully control the entire body and can not use any tricks
• The is to be taken to the left and right diagonally. Serve is to be served below the waist.
• Serve must be served for longer than 5 seconds.

Serving terms

• How to player determine if he must serve to a player side of the court.
• Odd score player serves to a player to the left of his side.
• Types of serve to perform to get the vantage.

Ways Player can Win a point

• By make the opponent force to not hit the shuttlecock.
• By take him out balance and going out.
• and such ways.

Penalties

• How you commit you opponent point are earned. Singles differ the rules of doubles; One player stands opposite ends at the court. and that as long someone can continue to return shots.

Terms of Rules

• Court is wide 22ft and 44 ft long
• Coin toss.
• And such easy start.

Points

• You can win by hiting the outside of the court.
• By hitting such net when not supposed.
• And return or commit foult

Rules for Doubles

• The doubles are slightly distinct to Singles in these slight difference.
• Such for when we consider serving is just similar. Then their are team consist in serving such as for each rally another person alternate to serve their serve.
• In mixed is the some with opposite genders to serve

The rules in such a serve

• Same serving terms
• If their in any fault the serve goes the opponent team
• If their is the double team than another type with the opposite gender is to use a certain server role.

Team Play and Strategy

• You team composition is always the primary and effective. The key strategy is always keep formation. Position where those position to play.
• The the doubles is to always be fast due to shot that seem to come at all sides. and it is important determine which to use both which the way. And where also always to guard and is how will you play.