Individual Differences in Response to Sensory Stimulation: Introverts vs. Extraverts

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What is a characteristic of introverts in response to noxious odors?

They have a faster recovery from punishment.

They are less sensitive to pain.

They tend to retain elevated heart rate for a longer time period. (correct)

They have a lower heart rate than extraverts.

What is the most common type of synesthesia?

Smell-taste synesthesia

Grapheme-color synesthesia (correct)

Spatial sequence synesthesia

Mirror-touch synesthesia

What is the suggested location of sensory crossover in synesthetes' brains?

Cerebral cortex

Brain stem

Cerebellum

Limbic system (correct)

What is the theory that suggests synesthetes have more connections between neurons, causing the usual modularity to break down?

The brain architecture theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of subliminally flashing emotionally positive scenes on participants' ratings of faces?

Participants gave more positive ratings to faces. Signup and view all the answers

What is the claim made by advertisers about flashing products with attractive images?

It can sell products subliminally. Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of introverts' tendency to learn more quickly from punishment?

They are more likely to avoid risks. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of synesthete-designed animations compared to nonsynesthete-designed animations?

They are better matched to the music. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary psychological effect of music on individuals with Alzheimer's disease?

Improved memory Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of music therapy for children?

Increased verbal intelligence Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of music that distinguishes it from other sensory experiences?

It can activate multiple areas of the brain simultaneously Signup and view all the answers

Which type of music lovers tend to be more conscientious?

Country, pop, and religious music lovers Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of music therapy on cancer patients?

It reduces anxiety, pain, and tiredness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of music therapy when paired with playing an instrument or singing along?

It enhances mental and physical well-being Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of music lovers who tend to be more open to experience?

They prefer classical, jazz, and blues music Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of music therapy for individuals with intellectual disabilities?

It improves social and communication skills Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the effect that suggests that listening to Mozart's music can improve cognitive abilities?

The Mozart Effect Signup and view all the answers

According to the study by Milliman (1986), what type of music increased sales by 38% in supermarkets?

Slow music in minor mode Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the union of multiple senses, such as vision and hearing, to form a unified perception?

Multisensory integration Signup and view all the answers

In the study by Hansen and Melzner (2014), which group of participants was more likely to be swayed by aggregate information?

Group 1, who listened to dissonant chords Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the experience of blending senses, such as seeing numbers in specific colors?

Synesthesia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the influence of unconscious stimuli on our behavior or decision-making?

Subliminal perception Signup and view all the answers

According to the study by Knoeferle, Spangenberg, Herrmann et al. (2011), what type of music is most effective for purchasing decisions with high affective/low cognitive involvement?

Slow music in minor mode Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the use of music to aid in healing or rehabilitation?

Music therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why subliminal messages are not effective in influencing behavior?

The meaning is not easily extracted from subliminal presentations Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the study in which participants listened to a melody during sleep?

They were able to play the cued melody more accurately when awake Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which subliminal messages influence behavior?

Priming Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the smoking cessation study in which participants were exposed to odors during sleep?

They lit up less frequently during the following week Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stage of sleep in which conditioning was found to be most effective?

Stage 2 sleep Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the unconscious activation of particular associations in memory?

Priming Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the scrambled-sentence test in the study?

To measure the unconscious activation of particular associations in memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why the study on subliminal messages and hunger found no specific preference for beef?

The meaning was not easily extracted from subliminal presentations Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon observed in participants after completing a test, where they walked significantly more slowly?

Priming effect of feeling old Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying mechanism behind the effect of subliminally flashing emotionally positive scenes on participants' ratings of faces?

Priming of emotional associations Signup and view all the answers

How do people with Parkinson's Disease respond to music, according to the 'Music Magic' video?

They show improved motor control Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the gray, seamless sky in the provided content?

To provide a visual context for the text Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of occasionally observing people wearing watches, according to the provided text?

It causes the observer to feel more lonely Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the 'Mozart twinkle twinkle little star' video in the provided content?

To provide a musical example of multisensory integration Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying mechanism behind the effect of bingo on perceptual biases, according to the provided text?

Priming of cognitive biases Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of sunlight on the skin, according to the provided text?

It causes the skin to wrinkle Signup and view all the answers