Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT)
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) in maternal blood screening?

  • To detect maternal antibodies against fetal antigens
  • To detect Rh-antigens on RBC surface
  • To detect fetal hemoglobin in maternal blood
  • To detect Rh-antibodies in maternal blood (correct)

    • What is mixed with maternal blood in the IAT?

  • Fetal blood cells
  • Rh-negative RBCs
  • Rh-positive RBCs (correct)
  • Antibody-coated RBCs

    • Which of the following is a consequence of detecting anti-Rh antibodies in maternal blood?

  • The mother is at risk of an allergic reaction
  • The mother is at risk of blood clots
  • The fetus is at risk of anemia
  • The fetus is at risk of hemolytic disease (correct)

    • What is the primary goal of maternal blood screening in pregnancy?

    <p>To detect Rh-antibodies in maternal blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the reaction that occurs when Rh-antibodies bind to Rh-antigens on RBCs?

    <p>Agglutination reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to detect Rh-antibodies in maternal blood?

    <p>To prevent hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of mixing maternal blood with Rh-positive RBCs in the IAT?

    <p>To detect Rh-antibodies in maternal blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of detecting Rh-antibodies in maternal blood during pregnancy?

    <p>It indicates a risk of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of performing the IAT test during pregnancy?

    <p>To detect RhD antibodies in the mother's blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is RhD-immunoglobulin (RhoGAM) administered to Rh-negative mothers during pregnancy?

    <p>To prevent sensitization and reduce the risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which trimester of pregnancy is the IAT test typically performed?

    <p>First trimester</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of sensitization in an Rh-negative mother?

    <p>Production of RhD antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of maternal blood screening during pregnancy?

    <p>To identify RhD antibodies in the mother's blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the test used to detect RhD antibodies in the mother's blood?

    <p>Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of RhD-immunoglobulin (RhoGAM) in preventing hemolytic disease of the newborn?

    <p>It inhibits the production of RhD antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to detect RhD antibodies in the mother's blood during pregnancy?

    <p>To prevent sensitization and hemolytic disease of the newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication of cell clumping in a blood test?

    <p>Agglutination reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the indirect antiglobulin test?

    <p>To detect Rh antibodies in maternal blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during delivery that can trigger Rh incompatibility?

    <p>Maternal blood is exposed to Rh-positive fetal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of maternal blood screening during pregnancy?

    <p>To screen for blood compatibility between the mother and fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an agglutination reaction in a blood test?

    <p>Red cell clumping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to detect Rh antibodies in maternal blood?

    <p>To prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the test used to detect Rh antibodies in maternal blood?

    <p>Indirect antiglobulin test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if an Rh-negative mother is exposed to Rh-positive fetal cells during delivery?

    <p>The mother's immune system will produce Rh antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of detecting Rh antibodies in maternal blood during pregnancy?

    <p>To prevent Rh incompatibility in future pregnancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Rh incompatibility?

    <p>A condition where the mother's immune system attacks the fetus's Rh-positive red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Indirect Antiglobulin Test (IAT)

    • The IAT test is performed on maternal blood to detect the presence of anti-Rh antibodies.
    • The test involves mixing maternal blood with Rh-positive RBCs.
    • The IAT test is often performed in the first trimester of pregnancy to detect RhD-immunization.

    Rh Incompatibility and Pregnancy

    • Rh incompatibility occurs in pregnancy when Rh-negative mothers are exposed to Rh-positive fetal RBCs during delivery.
    • This can lead to sensitization and subsequent Rh antibody production.
    • RhD-immunoglobulin (RhoGAM) can be given to Rh-negative mothers to reduce the probability of sensitization and subsequent Rh antibody production.

    Cell Clumping and Antiglobulin Tests

    • Cell clumping indicates the presence of the test antigen on the surface of the red cell.
    • Antiglobulin tests are used to detect Rh incompatibility and detect Rh antibodies in maternal blood.

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    Description

    Quiz on the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT), a laboratory test used to detect antibodies in the blood.

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