Podcast
Questions and Answers
What best describes health disparities in Indigenous communities?
What best describes health disparities in Indigenous communities?
What was a primary health issue faced by Indigenous Peoples after European settlers arrived?
What was a primary health issue faced by Indigenous Peoples after European settlers arrived?
Which of the following best reflects the social determinants of health impacting Indigenous Peoples?
Which of the following best reflects the social determinants of health impacting Indigenous Peoples?
What is a significant health perspective in Indigenous culture?
What is a significant health perspective in Indigenous culture?
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According to recent data, what percentage of the total population in Canada identifies as First Nations, Inuit, and Métis?
According to recent data, what percentage of the total population in Canada identifies as First Nations, Inuit, and Métis?
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What percentage of Alberta's Indigenous population identifies as First Nations?
What percentage of Alberta's Indigenous population identifies as First Nations?
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What primarily contributes to the increased growth rate of the Indigenous population in Canada?
What primarily contributes to the increased growth rate of the Indigenous population in Canada?
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Which model aligns with the holistic view of health held by Indigenous cultures?
Which model aligns with the holistic view of health held by Indigenous cultures?
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What aspect of health do social determinants primarily address?
What aspect of health do social determinants primarily address?
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How has colonization primarily impacted the health status of Indigenous Peoples?
How has colonization primarily impacted the health status of Indigenous Peoples?
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What term is used to describe Indigenous organizations that advocate for community needs and rights?
What term is used to describe Indigenous organizations that advocate for community needs and rights?
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What is a common misconception about mainstream approaches to mental health in Indigenous communities?
What is a common misconception about mainstream approaches to mental health in Indigenous communities?
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What proportion of Alberta's Indigenous population is identified as Métis?
What proportion of Alberta's Indigenous population is identified as Métis?
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What was a major consequence of the introduction of infectious diseases by European settlers for Indigenous populations?
What was a major consequence of the introduction of infectious diseases by European settlers for Indigenous populations?
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Which legal framework supports the notion that Indigenous lands were unoccupied prior to European assertion of ownership?
Which legal framework supports the notion that Indigenous lands were unoccupied prior to European assertion of ownership?
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What does the Indian Act primarily regulate regarding Indigenous peoples in Canada?
What does the Indian Act primarily regulate regarding Indigenous peoples in Canada?
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What continues to perpetuate oppression of Indigenous peoples as a result of colonialism?
What continues to perpetuate oppression of Indigenous peoples as a result of colonialism?
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Which of the following statements best describes the social determinants of health for Indigenous communities?
Which of the following statements best describes the social determinants of health for Indigenous communities?
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How has European immigration affected Indigenous nations in North America?
How has European immigration affected Indigenous nations in North America?
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Which aspect of health is frequently impacted by the ongoing effects of colonialism on Indigenous peoples?
Which aspect of health is frequently impacted by the ongoing effects of colonialism on Indigenous peoples?
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What term is used to describe the ongoing control of Indigenous peoples' lives by the Canadian government through the Indian Act?
What term is used to describe the ongoing control of Indigenous peoples' lives by the Canadian government through the Indian Act?
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What is one of the key goals of health promotion at the government level in Canada?
What is one of the key goals of health promotion at the government level in Canada?
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Which factor is NOT considered a social determinant of health?
Which factor is NOT considered a social determinant of health?
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What percentage of Canadians in the highest income bracket rate their health as very good or excellent?
What percentage of Canadians in the highest income bracket rate their health as very good or excellent?
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What age-related health concern is prevalent among adolescents in Canada?
What age-related health concern is prevalent among adolescents in Canada?
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Which of the following is a focus of health promotion programs aimed at reducing health inequities?
Which of the following is a focus of health promotion programs aimed at reducing health inequities?
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What is one challenge posed by changing demographics in Canadian health care?
What is one challenge posed by changing demographics in Canadian health care?
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Which health promotion mechanism focuses on encouraging individuals to look after their own health?
Which health promotion mechanism focuses on encouraging individuals to look after their own health?
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What was one of the first health screening initiatives in British Columbia in the late 1940s?
What was one of the first health screening initiatives in British Columbia in the late 1940s?
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What is one of the main goals of health promotion?
What is one of the main goals of health promotion?
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Which framework identified healthy lifestyle as a target for health promotion?
Which framework identified healthy lifestyle as a target for health promotion?
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According to Epp's framework, where does the locus of responsibility for health lie?
According to Epp's framework, where does the locus of responsibility for health lie?
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What aspect of health does the public health level of health promotion primarily focus on?
What aspect of health does the public health level of health promotion primarily focus on?
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Which program encourages Canadians to use stairs instead of elevators?
Which program encourages Canadians to use stairs instead of elevators?
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What is one characteristic of health promotion that distinguishes it from simple medical interventions?
What is one characteristic of health promotion that distinguishes it from simple medical interventions?
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In what year was a framework for health promotion in Canada provided by Epp?
In what year was a framework for health promotion in Canada provided by Epp?
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The successful health promotion model identified by Labonte includes which of the following orientations?
The successful health promotion model identified by Labonte includes which of the following orientations?
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What are the two general types of social support based on their source?
What are the two general types of social support based on their source?
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Which type of support is characterized by receiving help from friends and relatives?
Which type of support is characterized by receiving help from friends and relatives?
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What does the Multi-Process Action Control model emphasize regarding health-related behaviors?
What does the Multi-Process Action Control model emphasize regarding health-related behaviors?
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Which group is likely to have less access to social support?
Which group is likely to have less access to social support?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of agency-provided support?
Which of the following is a characteristic of agency-provided support?
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In the context of health promotion theories, which aspect is commonly emphasized?
In the context of health promotion theories, which aspect is commonly emphasized?
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What type of emotional support is typically derived from shared experiences with others facing similar challenges?
What type of emotional support is typically derived from shared experiences with others facing similar challenges?
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What is one implication of the Multi-Process Action Control model for health promotion?
What is one implication of the Multi-Process Action Control model for health promotion?
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What is referred to as 'reflexive processes' in the context of habit formation?
What is referred to as 'reflexive processes' in the context of habit formation?
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What stage do health promotion programs aim to move people from in their behavioral change journey?
What stage do health promotion programs aim to move people from in their behavioral change journey?
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Which aspect is emphasized by health promotion programs to encourage participation in exercise?
Which aspect is emphasized by health promotion programs to encourage participation in exercise?
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How do health promotion efforts typically influence people's beliefs and attitudes?
How do health promotion efforts typically influence people's beliefs and attitudes?
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What does the central route of the Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion rely on?
What does the central route of the Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion rely on?
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Why is one-on-one interaction considered more effective for habit formation than promotional campaigns?
Why is one-on-one interaction considered more effective for habit formation than promotional campaigns?
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What role does persuasion play in health promotion programs?
What role does persuasion play in health promotion programs?
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What distinguishes a belief from an attitude in the context of health promotion?
What distinguishes a belief from an attitude in the context of health promotion?
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What is the primary focus of health promotion campaigns using the peripheral route?
What is the primary focus of health promotion campaigns using the peripheral route?
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What is the goal of using fear appeals in health promotion?
What is the goal of using fear appeals in health promotion?
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In the Extended Parallel Process Model, what occurs when fear arousal is too high?
In the Extended Parallel Process Model, what occurs when fear arousal is too high?
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What does threat perception refer to in the context of health psychology?
What does threat perception refer to in the context of health psychology?
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Which model suggests that changing beliefs can lead to changes in behavior for health promotion?
Which model suggests that changing beliefs can lead to changes in behavior for health promotion?
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What is a potential consequence of presenting only facts in an AIDS awareness program?
What is a potential consequence of presenting only facts in an AIDS awareness program?
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How does efficacy of preventative behaviors relate to health threats?
How does efficacy of preventative behaviors relate to health threats?
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Which approach formulates a response to threats by discussing the severe consequences of risky behaviors?
Which approach formulates a response to threats by discussing the severe consequences of risky behaviors?
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What is the most crucial factor for fear appeals to be effective in promoting behavior change?
What is the most crucial factor for fear appeals to be effective in promoting behavior change?
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What negative effect can excessive fear arousal have on an individual's self-efficacy?
What negative effect can excessive fear arousal have on an individual's self-efficacy?
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Which type of messages emphasizes the negative consequences of not engaging in a behavior?
Which type of messages emphasizes the negative consequences of not engaging in a behavior?
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What phenomenon describes an overwhelming amount of cancer-related information impacting behavior?
What phenomenon describes an overwhelming amount of cancer-related information impacting behavior?
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How do guilt appeals differ from fear appeals in emotional framing?
How do guilt appeals differ from fear appeals in emotional framing?
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What does Drive Reduction Theory suggest about fear appeals and behavior change?
What does Drive Reduction Theory suggest about fear appeals and behavior change?
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Under which circumstances do loss-framed messages tend to be more effective?
Under which circumstances do loss-framed messages tend to be more effective?
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What factors can affect self-accountability in the context of fear and guilt appeals?
What factors can affect self-accountability in the context of fear and guilt appeals?
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Study Notes
Indigenous Peoples' Health in Canada
- Indigenous communities experience health disparities and inequities. Health disparities are preventable differences in health status, and health inequities include factors such as social, economic, and political resources.
- Before European settlement, Indigenous peoples generally had good health. However, the arrival of Europeans introduced infectious diseases that devastated Indigenous communities.
- The overall health status of Indigenous peoples in Canada is often below the national average.
- More than 600 First Nations, Inuit, and Métis communities exist in Canada, with more than 70 Indigenous languages. Roughly 42% live on-reserve.
- Many Indigenous people move between on-reserve, off-reserve, rural, and urban areas for access to services, family, and community, and therefore, the on-/off-reserve, rural, urban classifications are inaccurate without including mobility.
- Indigenous populations are growing faster than the general population; contributing factors include higher birthrates.
- The Indigenous population in Canada mostly consists of First Nations at 58.4%, followed by Métis at 35.1% and Inuit at 3.9%.
- The Indigenous population in Canada increased roughly 43% in number from the existing data..
Health from an Indigenous Perspective
- Mainstream mental health approaches are often not culturally responsive to Indigenous communities.
- Indigenous cultures are holistic, emphasizing the balance of emotional, spiritual, mental, and physical aspects of health, differing from biomedical models.
- Indigenous approaches to health consider holistic concepts of body, mind, and spirit.
Determinants of Indigenous Peoples' Health
- Health is influenced by social determinants at both national and international levels.
- Indigenous-specific social determinants are under-researched.
- Social determinants broadly refer to the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age.
- Colonization, including oppression, subordination, geographic invasion, social and economic dispossession, and political control, is a major determinant in the poor health status of Indigenous peoples.
- The most important determinant is self-determination which is understood as the individual and collective right to participate in decision-making roles on issues of community relevance and establishment of state-recognized roles for Indigenous organizations, and structures.
Land, Culture, and Language
- Land is linked to community, cultural practices, and belonging which contributes to wellness and healing.
- Culture is important for holistic wellness and contributes to healing of trauma and pride and self-esteem
- Indigenous languages may act as protective factors for mental health.
- Barriers to accessing land negatively impact health.
Genetics and Race
- "Race" is a social construct, not a biological one, and often used to justify health disparities.
- Ethnicity (including culture, language, and history), is more effective in explaining health disparities.
- The prevalence of diabetes in First Nations adults is significantly higher than in non-Indigenous adults.
- Genetic predispositions are not the sole cause of health issues faced by Indigenous peoples, and issues of poverty, racism, and historical oppression are also important factors..
Indian Act
- The Indian Act, introduced in 1876, gives the federal government the power to control the lives of Indigenous peoples in Canada. This Act imposes restrictions and continues to influence the health of Indigenous communities.
- The act has had a negative impact on Indigenous health and contributed to the oppression of people.
Residential Schools
- Residential schools were established to assimilate Indigenous children into Canadian society; this led to high rates of death and various health issues..
- High rates of death from infectious disease and various other health issues were primarily present amongst Indigenous children in those residential schools where they were forced to live.
- Residential schools continue to influence health concerns today.
- Residential schools were racially segregated, underfunded, and resulted in substandard treatment and poor living conditions.
- They imposed intergenerational trauma.
Indian Hospitals
- Indian hospitals were established to treat Indigenous patients, though these hospitals often fell short of the quality of care provided in community hospitals.
- Often, these hospitals were underfunded and poorly staffed, resulting in overcrowding and substandard care..
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Description
Explore the health disparities faced by Indigenous communities in Canada. This quiz covers historical health conditions, the impact of European settlement, and current health status comparisons. Delve into the complexities of mobility and community classifications among First Nations, Inuit, and Métis populations.
