Indian Parliament Overview

A government chosen by citizens through universal adult franchise and accountable to the legislature.

The Union Legislature consisting of the President and two houses: Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

The lower house of the Indian Parliament, also known as the House of the People.

The upper house of the Indian Parliament, also known as the Council of States.

A legislature with two houses (like Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha).

The body responsible for enacting laws related to the Union List and Concurrent List.

The constitutional head of the Union Legislature, with limited direct lawmaking power.

The schedule in the Indian Constitution that divides powers between central and state governments (in Parliament).

The primary function of the Lok Sabha is to introduce bills that eventually become laws.

530 members of the Lok Sabha represent various states of India, while 20 members represent the Union Territories.

Members of the Lok Sabha are elected directly by citizens through Universal Adult Suffrage.

Members of the Lok Sabha serve for a period of five years.

The President of India can dissolve the Lok Sabha on the advice of the Prime Minister.

In case of an emergency, the President can extend the Lok Sabha's term for one year.

The Speaker of the Lok Sabha presides over the House and is elected by its members.

The Lok Sabha can legislate on state subjects if it's in national interest or if a state legislature requests it.

When a bill is stuck between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, a joint sitting of both houses is called to pass it with a majority vote.

The Rajya Sabha, being the upper house, acts as a revising chamber on bills passed by Lok Sabha, ensuring checks and balances.

The Lok Sabha can force the Council of Ministers to resign by passing a vote of no confidence, demonstrating its power over the Executive.

The President nominates members to the Rajya Sabha, ensuring representation of various expertise and perspectives.

The Lok Sabha elects the President and Vice President alongside the electoral college, reflecting its significance in the electoral process.

To become an Lok Sabha member, one must be an Indian citizen aged 30 or above, not hold an office of profit, be on the electoral list, and be of sound mind and not insolvent.

Members of Lok Sabha participate in the impeachment procedure of the President, highlighting their accountability and oversight roles.

The Rajya Sabha, India's upper house, can have a maximum of 250 members. 12 of these members are nominated by the President, while the rest are elected.

Members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of the State Legislative Assemblies.

Members of the Rajya Sabha serve for a period of six years. Every two years, one-third of the members retire and a new set is elected.

Unlike the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha cannot be dissolved. It is a continuous body, with members retiring and new members being elected every two years.

The Vice President of India serves as the ex-officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha, presiding over its sessions. The Deputy Chairman steps in when the Vice President is unavailable.

The Rajya Sabha can initiate bills on any topic, except for money bills. These bills deal with taxes and government spending.

The Rajya Sabha has the power to delay a bill for six months, giving it time to review and scrutinize proposed laws. This power helps ensure well-considered legislation.

The Rajya Sabha can declare a subject to be of national importance and ask Parliament to legislate on it, ensuring that crucial issues receive attention.

When both Houses of Parliament pass a bill, it goes to the President for approval. If the President agrees, the bill becomes a law. However, the President can reject a bill only once; if it comes back again, they must sign it.

President Assent refers to the President's approval of a bill passed by both Houses of Parliament. This marks the final stage for a bill to become a law.

The Rajya Sabha is composed of elected representatives from various states and Union Territories, as well as members nominated by the President for their expertise in fields like art, literature, science, or social service.

The Rajya Sabha has the power to debate and approve or reject bills passed by the Lok Sabha. It can also amend bills before sending them back to the Lok Sabha.

The Payment of Wages Act states that employers must set a regular period for paying wages, which cannot be longer than a month.

For companies with less than 1,000 employees, wages must be paid by the 7th of the last day of the wage period. For larger companies, this deadline is extended to the 10th.

Under the Payment of Wages Act, employers can pay wages using cash, checks, or by crediting the employee's bank account.

The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act (POCSO) protects children from sexual abuse and exploitation in India.

The Payment of Wages Act is a legal framework in India that ensures timely and fair payment of wages to workers. It outlines regulations for salary deductions, wage periods, and minimum wages, aimed at protecting workers' financial rights.

The Payment of Wages (Amendment) Act is a modification made to the original Payment of Wages Act. This amendment may introduce new provisions or revise existing ones to improve worker protections or address changing employment practices.

The President's Assent is the final step in the process of turning a bill into a law in India. The President, as the head of state, has the power to approve or reject a bill passed by the Parliament.

The First Reading of a bill in Lok Sabha introduces the bill to the House, outlining its basic purpose and provisions. This initial reading is a formal procedure to start the legislative process.

The Second Reading of a bill in the Lok Sabha involves a detailed debate on its merits and demerits. The House scrutinizes the bill's content and may propose amendments before voting.

The Third Reading of a bill in Lok Sabha is the final stage where the bill is voted upon after considering any amendments from the debate. If a majority supports the bill, it is passed to the next stage.

When a bill passed by one house is rejected by the other, a joint sitting of both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha is convened to resolve the impasse. The bill requires a majority vote in the joint session to become law.

The Payment of Wages Act is a relevant example to understand how a bill can impact the lives of people. The Act demonstrates the Parliament's role in enacting laws that protect workers' rights and ensure fair wages.