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Questions and Answers
What was the main aim of the Home Rule Leagues, established in 1916?
What was the main aim of the Home Rule Leagues, established in 1916?
- To unite the Moderate and Radical factions of the Indian National Congress.
- To support the British war effort in World War I.
- To achieve self-government for India after the war. (correct)
- To secure independence for India immediately.
What significant event led to the split between the Moderates and Radicals within the Indian National Congress?
What significant event led to the split between the Moderates and Radicals within the Indian National Congress?
- The passage of the Rowlatt Acts in 1919.
- The British declaration of war on Germany in 1914.
- The formation of the Muslim League in 1906.
- The Surat Session of the Congress in 1907. (correct)
Which of the following was a prominent member of the Muslim League?
Which of the following was a prominent member of the Muslim League?
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
- Dadabhai Naoroji.
- Gopal Krishna Gokhale.
- Mohammad Ali Jinnah. (correct)
What was the primary objective of the Muslim League upon its formation?
What was the primary objective of the Muslim League upon its formation?
Which of these events led to a brief unity between the Moderates and Radicals within the Indian National Congress?
Which of these events led to a brief unity between the Moderates and Radicals within the Indian National Congress?
What did the Radicals adopt as a method of protest against British rule?
What did the Radicals adopt as a method of protest against British rule?
What was the main demand of the Muslim League from the British government?
What was the main demand of the Muslim League from the British government?
What was the impact of the First World War on the Indian nationalist movement?
What was the impact of the First World War on the Indian nationalist movement?
Which leader is associated with the Early Nationalist Phase of the Indian National Movement?
Which leader is associated with the Early Nationalist Phase of the Indian National Movement?
What was a key belief of the Early Nationalists regarding British rule?
What was a key belief of the Early Nationalists regarding British rule?
Which of the following methods did the Early Nationalists primarily use?
Which of the following methods did the Early Nationalists primarily use?
What was the main objective of the Assertive Nationalists?
What was the main objective of the Assertive Nationalists?
What was the impact of the 1905 Partition of Bengal?
What was the impact of the 1905 Partition of Bengal?
Which phrase best describes the Early Nationalists' long-term contributions to the Indian National Movement?
Which phrase best describes the Early Nationalists' long-term contributions to the Indian National Movement?
How did the Assertive Nationalists view British rule?
How did the Assertive Nationalists view British rule?
What did the Early Nationalists believe about their ability to govern themselves?
What did the Early Nationalists believe about their ability to govern themselves?
Flashcards
Early Nationalist Phase
Early Nationalist Phase
The initial phase of the Indian National Movement (1885-1905) focused on moderate demands and reforms.
Moderates
Moderates
Educated middle-class Indians advocating for gradual reforms under British rule.
Dadabhai Naoroji
Dadabhai Naoroji
A prominent moderate leader known as the 'Grand Old Man of India', advocated for Indian rights.
Swaraj
Swaraj
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Assertive Nationalist Phase
Assertive Nationalist Phase
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Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
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Bengal Partition 1905
Bengal Partition 1905
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Political Agitation
Political Agitation
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Swadeshi Movement
Swadeshi Movement
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1907 Surat Split
1907 Surat Split
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Muslim League
Muslim League
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Aga Khan
Aga Khan
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First World War & India
First World War & India
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Home Rule Leagues
Home Rule Leagues
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Tilak's Imprisonment
Tilak's Imprisonment
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Separate Electorates
Separate Electorates
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Study Notes
The Indian National Movement (1885-1916)
- Early Nationalist Phase (1885-1905): This phase was dominated by moderate leaders like Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Surendranath Banerjee.
- People: Middle-class educated intellectuals, like moderates.
- Beliefs: Believed the British rule was benevolent and they believed the British could be convinced to grant India self-governance. They believed in fair play and justice.
- Methods: Peaceful methods like petitions, and sending delegates to Britain.
Assertive Nationalist Phase (1905-1918)
- People: Radical leaders like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai, Bipin Chandra Pal, and Aurobindo Ghosh.
- Beliefs: Didn't trust the British, and demanded complete self-rule (Swaraj).
- Methods: Active opposition to British rule, boycotts, and protests. Methods included demonstrations and passive resistance.
Objectives of Early & Assertive Phases
- Early phase objective: gradual participation in governance, eventually leading to self-governance.
- Assertive phase objective: immediate freedom from British rule.
- Demand: Reforms and laws to uplift the welfare of the Indian people, and to be treated with equal respect.
Contributions of Early Nationalists
- Some believe they had little contribution.
Partition of Bengal (1905)
- The British partitioned Bengal to weaken nationalist movements by separating Hindus and Muslims.
- This act sparked a significant and widespread protest in India.
Surat Split (1907)
- A major division occurred within the Indian National Congress between the moderates and the radicals.
The Muslim League (1906)
- Formed to protect the political rights of Muslims and promote their interests within India.
- Objectives in 1906 included loyalty to the British crown, and prevention of feelings of hostility to other communities.
The First World War & India (1914-1918)
- Indians and nationalists supported the British war effort but with conditions.
- Some nationalists lost respect for the British due to their inaction.
Home Rule Leagues (1916)
- Led by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak, their goals were advocating for self-governance.
- Tilak and Besant toured and spoke extensively, spreading awareness about self-rule.
Lucknow Session (1916)
- The session was significant because moderates and radicals unified, leading to a stronger movement.
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